ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1998
A cloned Erwinia chrysanthemi Hrp (type III protein secretion) system functions in Escherichia coli to deliver Pseudomonas syringae Avr signals to plant cells and to secrete Avr proteins in culture.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
32 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- EngineeringBio-protocol · 2023Article
- Agrobacterium expressing a type III secretion system delivers Pseudomonas effectors into plant cells to enhance transformation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- Novel Effector Protein EspY3 of Type III Secretion System from EnterohemorrhagicMicroorganisms · 2018Article
- Perturbation of maize phenylpropanoid metabolism by an AvrE family type III effector from Pantoea stewartii.Plant physiology · 2015Article
- Discovery of plant phenolic compounds that act as type III secretion system inhibitors or inducers of the fire blight pathogen, Erwinia amylovora.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2013Article
- Characterization of Salmonella type III secretion hyper-activity which results in biofilm-like cell aggregation.PloS one · 2012Article
- Tomato TFT1 is required for PAMP-triggered immunity and mutations that prevent T3S effector XopN from binding to TFT1 attenuate Xanthomonas virulence.PLoS pathogens · 2012Article
- Article
- Translocation of NopP by Sinorhizobium fredii USDA257 into Vigna unguiculata root nodules.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2010Article
- Multiple activities of the plant pathogen type III effector proteins WtsE and AvrE require WxxxE motifs.Molecular plant-microbe interactions : MPMI · 2009Article
- Xanthomonas T3S Effector XopN Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity and Interacts with a Tomato Atypical Receptor-Like Kinase and TFT1.The Plant cell · 2009Article
- WtsE, an AvrE-family type III effector protein of Pantoea stewartii subsp. stewartii, causes cell death in non-host plants.Molecular plant pathology · 2008Article
- Identification of Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae 61 type III secretion system Hrp proteins that can travel the type III pathway and contribute to the translocation of effector proteins into plant cells.Journal of bacteriology · 2007Article
- Calcium-regulated type III secretion of Yop proteins by an Escherichia coli hha mutant carrying a Yersinia pestis pCD1 virulence plasmid.Infection and immunity · 2006Article
- Diverse AvrPtoB homologs from several Pseudomonas syringae pathovars elicit Pto-dependent resistance and have similar virulence activities.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2006Article
- Analysis of putative Chlamydia trachomatis chaperones Scc2 and Scc3 and their use in the identification of type III secretion substrates.Journal of bacteriology · 2005Article
- Expression profiling of virulence and pathogenicity genes of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri.Journal of bacteriology · 2005Article
- Diverse evolutionary mechanisms shape the type III effector virulence factor repertoire in the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae.Genetics · 2004Article
- Role of type III effector secretion during bacterial pathogenesis in another kingdom.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Hrp (type III protein secretion) system is essential for the plant parasitic ability of Pseudomonas syringae and most Gram-negative bacterial plant pathogens. AvrB and AvrPto are two P. syringae proteins that have biological activity when produced via heterologous gene expression inside plant cells or when produced by Hrp+ bacteria. Avr-like proteins, presumably injected by the Hrp system on bacterial contact with plant cells, appear to underlie pathogenic interactions, but none has been observed outside of the bacterial cytoplasm, and identifying novel genes encoding them is tedious and uncertain without a phenotype in culture. Here we describe a cloned Hrp secretion system that functions heterologously in Escherichia coli to secrete AvrB and AvrPto in culture and to promote AvrB and AvrPto biological activity in inoculated plants. The hrp gene cluster, carried on cosmid pCPP2156, was cloned from Erwinia chrysanthemi, a pathogen that differs from P. syringae in being host promiscuous. E. coli DH5alpha carrying pCPP2156, but not related Hrp-deficient cosmids, elicited a hypersensitive response in Nicotiana clevelandii only when also expressing avrB in trans. The use of pAVRB-FLAG2 and pAVRPTO-FLAG, which produce Avr proteins with a C-terminal FLAG-epitope fusion, enabled immunoblot detection of the secretion of these proteins to E. coli(pCPP2156) culture media. Secretion was Hrp dependent, occurred without leakage of a cytoplasmic marker, and did not occur with E. coli(pHIR11), which encodes a functional P. syringae Hrp system. E. coli(pCPP2156) will promote investigation of Avr protein secretion and systematic prospecting for the effector proteins underlying bacterial plant pathogenicity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.