ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy1998
Differences in the lipoprotein distribution of free and liposome-associated all-trans-retinoic acid in human, dog, and rat plasma are due to variations in lipoprotein lipid and protein content.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sustained Drug Release From Liposomes for the Remodeling of Systemic Immune Homeostasis and the Tumor Microenvironment.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Conservation in the phylum of the local homology of apolipoproteins with the thyroid hormone plasma carriers.Reviews in endocrine & metabolic disorders · 2016Review
- Analysis of lipoprotein profiles of healthy cats by gel-permeation high-performance liquid chromatography.The Journal of veterinary medical science · 2016Article
- Animal models for the atherosclerosis research: a review.Protein & cell · 2011Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The objective of the proposed study was to determine the distribution in plasma lipoprotein of free all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and liposomal ATRA (Atragen; composed of dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine and soybean oil) following incubation in human, rat, and dog plasma. When ATRA and Atragen at concentrations of 1, 5, 10, and 25 micrograms/ml were incubated in human and rat plasma for 5, 60, and 180 min, the majority of the tretinoin was recovered in the lipoprotein-deficient plasma fraction. However, when ATRA and Afragen were incubated in dog plasma, the majority of the tretinoin (> 40%) was recovered in the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction. No differences in the plasma distribution between ATRA and Atragen were found. These data suggest that a significant percentage of tretinoin associates with plasma lipoproteins (primarily the HDL fraction) upon incubation in human, dog, and rat plasma. Differences between the lipoprotein lipid and protein profiles in human plasma and in dog and rat plasma influenced the plasma distribution of ATRA and Atragen. Differences in lipoprotein distribution between ATRA and Atragen were not observed, suggesting that the drug's distribution in plasma in not influenced by its incorporation into these liposomes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.