ArticleJournal of virology1998
Gastrointestinal T lymphocytes retain high potential for cytokine responses but have severe CD4(+) T-cell depletion at all stages of simian immunodeficiency virus infection compared to peripheral lymphocytes.
Article in Journal of virology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 109 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
109 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 200 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- Initiation of ART during early acute HIV infection preserves mucosal Th17 function and reverses HIV-related immune activation.PLoS pathogens · 2014Trial
- Immunophenotypic alterations in acute and early HIV infection.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2007Trial
- RhCMV expands CCR5+ memory T cells and promotes SIV reservoir seeding in the gut mucosa.JCI insight · 2026Article
- HIV and the gut: implications for HIV persistence, immune dysfunction and cure strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Dysfunctional bronchoalveolar effector memory CD8iScience · 2024Article
- Review
- Prolonged experimental CD4Nature communications · 2023Article
- Complex decay dynamics of HIV virions, intact and defective proviruses, and 2LTR circles following initiation of antiretroviral therapy.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022Article
- So Pathogenic or So What?-A Brief Overview of SIV Pathogenesis with an Emphasis on Cure Research.Viruses · 2022Review
- I've looked at gut from both sides now: Gastrointestinal tract involvement in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and HIV/SIV infections.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Gut Microbiome Homeostasis and the CD4 T- Follicular Helper Cell IgA Axis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Microbial Dysbiosis During Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection is Partially Reverted with Combination Anti-retroviral Therapy.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Feasibility and safety of research sigmoid colon biopsy in a cohort of Thai men who have sex with men with acute HIV-1.Journal of virus eradication · 2020Article
- Review
- Article
- Gut and blood differ in constitutive blocks to HIV transcription, suggesting tissue-specific differences in the mechanisms that govern HIV latency.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Mucosal IgA Responses: Damaged in Established HIV Infection-Yet, Effective Weapon against HIV Transmission.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- The well-tempered SIV infection: Pathogenesis of SIV infection in natural hosts in the wild, with emphasis on virus transmission and early events post-infection that may contribute to protection from disease progression.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2016Article
- Gut immune dysfunction through impaired innate pattern recognition receptor expression and gut microbiota dysbiosis in chronic SIV infection.Mucosal immunology · 2016Article
49 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Gastrointestinal complications in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are indicative of impaired intestinal mucosal immune system. We used simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques as an animal model for HIV to determine pathogenic effects of SIV on intestinal T lymphocytes. Intestinal CD4(+) T-cell depletion and the potential for cytokine responses were examined during SIV infection and compared with results for lymphocytes from lymph nodes and blood. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated severe depletion of CD4(+)CD8(-) single-positive T cells and CD4(+)CD8(+) double-positive T cells in intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL) and intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL) during primary SIV infection which persisted through the entire course of SIV infection. In contrast, CD4(+) T-cell depletion was gradual in peripheral lymph nodes and blood. Flow cytometric analysis of intracellular gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) production following short-term mitogenic activation revealed that LPL retained same or higher capacity for IFN-gamma production in all stages of SIV infection compared to uninfected controls, whereas peripheral blood mononuclear cells displayed a gradual decline. The CD8(+) T cells were the major producers of IFN-gamma. There was no detectable change in the frequency of IL-4-producing cells in both LPL and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Thus, severe depletion of CD4(+) LPL and IEL in primary SIV infection accompanied by altered cytokine responses may reflect altered T-cell homeostasis in intestinal mucosa. This could be a mechanism of SIV-associated enteropathy and viral pathogenesis. Dynamic changes in intestinal T lymphocytes were not adequately represented in peripheral lymph nodes or blood.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.