ArticleGenes & development1998
pha-4, an HNF-3 homolog, specifies pharyngeal organ identity in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Article in Genes & development, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
90 citing papers in PubMed.
- PHA-4/FoxA controls the function of pharyngeal and extrapharyngeal enteric neurons inGenes & development · 2026Article
- ATRX safeguards cellular identity duringbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- PHA-4/FoxA controls the function of pharyngeal and extrapharyngeal enteric neurons ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Nuclear lamina-associated domain biogenesis is regulated by nuclear pore density during embryogenesis and mediates UV protection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Lineage-resolved analysis of embryonic gene expression evolution inScience (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Opposing action of the FLR-2 glycoprotein hormone and DRL-1/FLR-4 MAP kinases balance p38-mediated growth and lipid homeostasis in C. elegans.PLoS biology · 2023Article
- Developmentally programmed histone H3 expression regulates cellular plasticity at the parental-to-early embryo transition.Science advances · 2023Article
- Feedforward regulatory logic controls the specification-to-differentiation transition and terminal cell fate during Caenorhabditis elegans endoderm development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2022Article
- The enteric nervous system of theeLife · 2022Article
- A 4D single-cell protein atlas of transcription factors delineates spatiotemporal patterning during embryogenesis.Nature methods · 2021Article
- Multi-tissue patterning drives anterior morphogenesis of the C. elegans embryo.Developmental biology · 2021Article
- Physically asymmetric division of theeLife · 2021Article
- Article
- Developmental Plasticity and Cellular Reprogramming inGenetics · 2019Review
- Distinct functions and temporal regulation of methylated histone H3 during early embryogenesis.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2019Article
- Article
- Reduction of mRNA export unmasks different tissue sensitivities to low mRNA levels during Caenorhabditis elegans development.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
To build complex organs, embryos have evolved mechanisms that integrate the development of cells unrelated to one another by cell type or ancestry. Here we show that the pha-4 locus establishes organ identity for the Caenorhabditis elegans pharynx. In pha-4 mutants, pharyngeal cells are transformed into ectoderm. Conversely, ectopic pha-4 expression produces excess pharyngeal cells. pha-4 encodes an HNF-3 homolog selectively expressed in the nascent digestive tract, including all pharynx precursors at the time they are restricted to a pharyngeal fate. We suggest that pha-4 is a key component of a transcription-based mechanism to endow cells with pharyngeal organ identity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.