ArticleInfection and immunity1998
Intestinal immune responses to an inactivated oral enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine and associated immunoglobulin A responses in blood.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 102 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccines for preventing enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) diarrhoea.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2013Pooled it
- Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of the oral, inactivated, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine ETVAX in Bangladeshi children and infants: a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 1/2 trial.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Characterization of Mucosal Immune Responses to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Vaccine Antigens in a Human Challenge Model: Response Profiles after Primary Infection and Homologous Rechallenge with Strain H10407.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016Trial
- Randomized clinical trial assessing the safety and immunogenicity of oral microencapsulated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli surface antigen 6 with or without heat-labile enterotoxin with mutation R192G.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Trial
- Comparative safety and immunogenicity of two attenuated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine strains in healthy adults.Infection and immunity · 2006Trial
- Intestinal and systemic immune responses to an oral cholera toxoid B subunit whole-cell vaccine administered during zinc supplementation.Infection and immunity · 2003Trial
- Dose-dependent circulating immunoglobulin A antibody-secreting cell and serum antibody responses in Swedish volunteers to an oral inactivated enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli vaccine.Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology · 2001Trial
- Safety and immunogenicity of two different lots of the oral, killed enterotoxigenic escherichia coli-cholera toxin B subunit vaccine in Israeli young adults.Infection and immunity · 2000Trial
- Th1 and Th17 Responses to LTB and Colonization Factors Following Oral ETEC Vaccination.Microorganisms · 2026Article
- Review
- ETVAX: From Concepts to Demonstrated Clinical Efficacy.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Systemic and mucosal immunity to enterotoxigenicFrontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- The role of the minor colonization factor CS14 in adherence to intestinal cell models by geographically diverse ETEC isolates.mSphere · 2023Article
- T helper cell responses in adult diarrheal patients following natural infection with enterotoxigenicFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Mucosal vaccines - fortifying the frontiers.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2022Review
- Article
- Vaccines against gastroenteritis, current progress and challenges.Gut microbes · 2020Review
- Human Mucosal IgA Immune Responses against EnterotoxigenicPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
An inactivated oral enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) vaccine against ETEC diarrhea was given to 25 adult Swedish volunteers. The vaccine consisted of formalin-killed E. coli bacteria expressing the most common colonization factor antigens (CFAs), i.e., CFA/I, -II, and -IV, and recombinantly produced cholera B subunit (CTB). Immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody responses in intestinal lavage fluid to CTB and CFAs were determined and compared with corresponding responses in stool extracts and serum as well as with IgA antibody-secreting cell (ASC) responses in peripheral blood. Two doses of vaccine induced significant IgA responses to the different CFAs in lavage fluid in 61 to 87% of the vaccinees and in stool in 38 to 81% of them. The most frequent responses were seen against CFA/I. The magnitudes of the antibody responses against CTB and CFA/I in stool correlated significantly (CTB, P < 0.01; CFA/I, P < 0. 05) with those in intestinal lavage. Intestinal lavage responses against CFAs were best reflected by the ASC responses, with the sensitivity of the ASC assay being 80 to 85%, followed by stool (sensitivity of 50 to 88%) and serum antibody (sensitivity of 7 to 65%) analyses. CTB-specific immune responses were seen in >90% of the vaccinees in all assays.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.