ArticleClinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology1998
Serum cytokines in patients with Legionella pneumonia: relative predominance of Th1-type cytokines.
Article in Clinical and diagnostic laboratory immunology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immunopathological Changes in SARS-CoV-2 Critical and Non-critical Pneumonia Patients: A Systematic Review to Determine the Cause of Co-infection.Frontiers in public health · 2020Pooled it
- Molecular evolution and adaptations ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Review
- The Adequacy of Current Legionnaires' Disease Diagnostic Practices in Capturing the Epidemiology of Clinically RelevantPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Inflammatory Patterns Associated withPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Legionella pneumophila Rhizoferrin Promotes Bacterial Biofilm Formation and Growth within Amoebae and Macrophages.Infection and immunity · 2023Article
- Hyper-inflammatory profile and immunoparalysis in patients with severe Legionnaires' disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Article
- Viewing Legionella pneumophila Pathogenesis through an Immunological Lens.Journal of molecular biology · 2019Review
- Potential Role of Gr-1+ CD8+ T Lymphocytes as a Source of Interferon-γ and M1/M2 Polarization during the Acute Phase of Murine Legionella pneumophila Pneumonia.Journal of innate immunity · 2018Article
- Recombinant flagellin-PAL fusion protein of Legionella pneumophila induced cell-mediated and protective immunity against bacteremia in BALB/c mice.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2017Article
- The Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Lyase (LegS2) Contributes to the Restriction of Legionella pneumophila in Murine Macrophages.PloS one · 2016Article
- Differential expression of serum/plasma proteins in various infectious diseases: specific or nonspecific signatures.Proteomics. Clinical applications · 2014Review
- The transcriptome of Legionella pneumophila-infected human monocyte-derived macrophages.PloS one · 2014Article
- Dynamics of peripheral blood lymphocyte subpopulations in the acute and subacute phase of Legionnaires' disease.PloS one · 2013Article
- Roles of interleukin-17 in an experimental Legionella pneumophila pneumonia model.Infection and immunity · 2012Article
- Legionella pneumophila type II secretion dampens the cytokine response of infected macrophages and epithelia.Infection and immunity · 2011Article
- Roles of liver innate immune cells in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.World journal of gastroenterology · 2010Review
- Molecular pathogenesis of infections caused by Legionella pneumophila.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2010Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Serum samples from 14 patients with Legionella pneumonia were examined for the presence of cytokines. In spite of high levels of serum C-reactive protein in all patients during the acute phase in only four cases (one involving interleukin-1beta [IL-1beta], three involving IL-6, and none involving tumor necrosis factor alpha) was the concentration of cytokines more than 100 pg/ml. Th2 cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 were detected in only one patient each. In contrast, significant increases of serum gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and IL-12 levels were observed during the acute phase in 6 and 11 cases, respectively. Interestingly, although serum IFN-gamma levels diminished thereafter, in seven cases IL-12 levels remained high or increased further during the convalescent phase. In an additional 22 cases clinically suspected to be but not diagnosed as Legionella pneumonia, increases of serum IL-12 levels were observed in 16 cases, whereas the remaining 6 cases showed no detectable IL-12. Our results demonstrate the relative predominance of Th1 cytokine production in Legionella pneumonia. Although the role and significance of prolonged increases in IL-12 levels in Legionella disease are unknown, our results should prompt further investigation of the host immune response in terms of Th1 and Th2 balance in legionellosis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.