Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9596772›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity1998

Evaluation of new vaccines in the mouse and guinea pig model of tuberculosis.

S L Baldwin, C D'Souza, A D Roberts, B P Kelly, A A Frank, M A Lui, J B Ulmer, K Huygen, D M McMurray, I M Orme

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
93citing papers in PubMed
17.0field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

93 citing papers in PubMed, 270 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  4. Ex vivo functional whole organ in biomedical research: a review.Journal of artificial organs : the official journal of the Japanese Society for Artificial Organs · 2025
    Review
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  11. eLife · 2019
    Article
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  16. CHO expressed recombinant human lactoferrin as an adjuvant for BCG.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacology · 2015
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

S L BaldwinMycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
C D'Souza
A D Roberts
B P Kelly
A A Frank
M A Lui
J B Ulmer
K Huygen
D M McMurray
I M Orme
United States Military Academy · USColorado State University · USInstitut Pasteur · FRTexas A&M University · US

Funding

TUBERCULOSIS RESEARCH MATERIALS AND VACINE TESTINGN01AI075320 · NIAID · COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY-FORT COLLINS · 1997 to 2004
$980k
NIAID NIH HHS AI-75320
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The results of this study provide the first evidence that two completely separate vaccine approaches, one based on a subunit vaccine consisting of a mild adjuvant admixed with purified culture filtrate proteins and enhanced by the cytokine interleukin-2 and the second based on immunization with DNA encoding the Ag85A protein secreted by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, could both prevent the onset of caseating disease, which is the hallmark of the guinea pig aerogenic infection model. In both cases, however, the survival of vaccinated guinea pigs was shorter than that conferred by Mycobacterium bovis BCG, with observed mortality of these animals probably due to consolidation of lung tissues by lymphocytic granulomas. An additional characteristic of these approaches was that neither induced skin test reactivity to commercial tuberculin. These data thus provide optimism that development of nonliving vaccines which can generate long-lived immunity approaching that conferred by the BCG vaccine is a feasible goal.

Indexed as

AcyltransferasesVaccinationAnimalsAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsBCG VaccineDisease Models, AnimalEvaluation Studies as TopicFemaleGuinea PigsHypersensitivity, DelayedInterleukin-2Lipid ALungMiceTuberculosis, PulmonaryAcyltransferasesantigen 85A, Mycobacterium tuberculosisAntigens, BacterialBacterial ProteinsBCG VaccineInterleukin-2Lipid Amonophosphoryl lipid AVaccines, DNA

Identifiers

PMID9596772
PMCPMC108294
OpenAlexW2139832445

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.