ArticleInfection and immunity1998
Antigen-induced protective and nonprotective cell-mediated immune components against Cryptococcus neoformans.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
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- A Call to Arms: Quest for a Cryptococcal Vaccine.Trends in microbiology · 2018Review
- Glucosylceramide Administration as a Vaccination Strategy in Mouse Models of Cryptococcosis.PloS one · 2016Article
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- Vaccine-mediated immune responses to experimental pulmonary Cryptococcus gattii infection in mice.PloS one · 2014Article
- Extracellular vesicles from Cryptococcus neoformans modulate macrophage functions.Infection and immunity · 2010Article
- Article
- A proteomic-based approach for the identification of immunodominant Cryptococcus neoformans proteins.Proteomics · 2009Article
- A Candida albicans mannoprotein deprived of its mannan moiety is efficiently taken up and processed by human dendritic cells and induces T-cell activation without stimulating proinflammatory cytokine production.Infection and immunity · 2008Article
- Protective immunity against cryptococcus neoformans infection.McGill journal of medicine : MJM : an international forum for the advancement of medical sciences by students · 2007Article
- Characterization of two novel cryptococcal mannoproteins recognized by immune sera.Infection and immunity · 2005Article
- Age-related resistance of C57BL/6 mice to Cryptococcus neoformans is dependent on maturation of NKT cells.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
- Protective efficacy of antigenic fractions in mouse models of cryptococcosis.Infection and immunity · 2004Article
- Roles for CD40, B7 and major histocompatibility complex in induction of enhanced immunity by cryptococcal polysaccharide-pulsed antigen-presenting cells.Immunology · 2003Article
- Effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha on dendritic cell accumulation in lymph nodes draining the immunization site and the impact on the anticryptococcal cell-mediated immune response.Infection and immunity · 2003Article
- Purification and characterization of a second immunoreactive mannoprotein from Cryptococcus neoformans that stimulates T-Cell responses.Infection and immunity · 2002Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Mice immunized with two different cryptococcal antigen preparations, one a soluble culture filtrate antigen (CneF) in complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and the other heat-killed Cryptococcus neoformans cells (HKC), develop two different profiles of activated T cells. CneF-CFA induces CD4+ T cells responsible for delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reactivity and for amplification of the anticryptococcal DTH response, whereas HKC induce CD4+ and CD8+ T cells involved in anticryptococcal DTH reactivity and activated T cells which directly kill C. neoformans cells. The main purpose of this study was to assess the level of protection afforded by each of the two different T-cell profiles against challenge with viable C. neoformans cells, thereby identifying which activated T-cell profile provides better protection. CBA/J mice immunized with CneF-CFA had significantly better protective responses, based on better clearance of C. neoformans from tissues, on longer survival times, and on fewer and smaller lesions in the brain, than HKC-immunized mice or control mice similarly infected with C. neoformans. Both immunization protocols induced an anticryptococcal DTH response, but neither induced serum antibodies to glucuronoxylmannan, so the protection observed in the CneF-CFA immunized mice was due to the activated T-cell profile induced by that protocol. HKC-immunized mice, which displayed no greater protection than controls, did not have the amplifier cells. Based on our findings, we propose that the protective anticryptococcal T cells are the CD4+ T cells which have been shown to be responsible for DTH reactivity and/or the CD4+ T cells which amplify the DTH response and which have been previously shown to produce high levels of gamma interferon and interleukin 2. Our results imply that there are protective and nonprotective cell-mediated immune responses and highlight the complexity of the immune response to C. neoformans antigens.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.