ArticleInfection and immunity1998
Differential gene expression in response to adjunctive recombinant human interleukin-2 immunotherapy in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Clinical and Immunological Effects of rhIL-2 Therapy in Eastern Chinese Patients with Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- Immunotherapy for tuberculosis: current strategies and future directions.Military Medical Research · 2025Review
- Efficacy and Safety of Adjunctive Recombinant Human Interleukin-2 for Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Meta-Analysis.Journal of tropical medicine · 2022Review
- The Research Progress in Immunotherapy of Tuberculosis.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Emerging novel and antimicrobial-resistant respiratory tract infections: new drug development and therapeutic options.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2014Review
- Immunotherapeutic efficacy of recombinant Mycobacterium smegmatis expressing Ag85B-ESAT6 fusion protein against persistent tuberculosis infection in mice.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2014Article
- Article
- Differential expression of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and IL-4 delta 2 mRNA, but not transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), TGF-beta RII, Foxp3, gamma interferon, T-bet, or GATA-3 mRNA, in patients with fast and slow responses to antituberculosis treatment.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Article
- Effects of antenatal and postnatal environments on CD4 T-cell responses to Mycobacterium bovis BCG in healthy infants in the Gambia.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2008Article
- Identification of differential gene expression in bacteria associated with coral black band disease by using RNA-arbitrarily primed PCR.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2004Article
- Reduced T-cell receptor CD3zeta-chain protein and sustained CD3epsilon expression at the site of mycobacterial infection.Immunology · 2001Article
- Large-scale statistical analyses of rice ESTs reveal correlated patterns of gene expression.Genome research · 1999Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Administration of low-dose recombinant human interleukin 2 (rhuIL-2) in combination with multidrug chemotherapy to patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) induces measurable changes in in vitro immune response parameters which are associated with changes in the clinical and bacteriologic status of the patients. To determine the molecular basis of these changes, we have used semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-initiated PCR (RT-PCR) and differential display technology. During rhuIL-2 treatment of MDR TB patients, decreased levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) relative to baseline levels were observed. However, at the site of a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) response to purified protein derivative of tuberculin (PPD), the expression of cellular IFN-gamma and IL-2 mRNAs was increased during rhuIL-2 therapy. Levels of other cytokine mRNAs were not significantly affected by rhuIL-2 administration. Using differential-display RT-PCR, we identified several genes expressed at the DTH skin test site which were up- or down-regulated during rhuIL-2 treatment. Cytochrome oxidase type I mRNA was increased in response to rhuIL-2 therapy relative to baseline levels, as was heterogeneous nuclear ribonuclear protein G mRNA. CD63, clathrin heavy chain, and beta-adaptin mRNAs, all of which encode proteins associated with the endocytic vacuolar pathway of cells, were also differentially regulated by rhuIL-2 administration. The differential effects of IL-2 were confirmed in vitro by using PBMC obtained from PPD-positive individuals stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and IL-2. The differential expression of genes may provide a surrogate marker for leukocyte activation at a mycobacterial antigen-specific response site and for the development of an enhanced antimicrobial response which may result in improved outcomes in MDR TB patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.