Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9593159›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy1998

Characterization of grlA, grlB, gyrA, and gyrB mutations in 116 unrelated isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and effects of mutations on ciprofloxacin MIC.

F J Schmitz, M E Jones, B Hofmann, B Hansen, S Scheuring, M Lückefahr, A Fluit, J Verhoef, U Hadding, H P Heinz and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 63 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
63citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

63 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Factors associated with methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus: a case-case-control analysis of AMR surveillance data.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Clinical and genomic characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026
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  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Staph wars: the antibiotic pipeline strikes back.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Molecular Basis of Non-β-Lactam Antibiotics Resistance inAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Antimicrobial Resistance in ESKAPE Pathogens.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2020
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

3 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

F J SchmitzInstitute for Medical Microbiology and Virology, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
M E Jones
B Hofmann
B Hansen
S Scheuring
M Lückefahr
A Fluit
J Verhoef
U Hadding
H P Heinz
K Köhrer

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

One hundred sixteen unrelated clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus (70 ciprofloxacin resistant and 46 ciprofloxacin susceptible) from eight countries were studied for the presence of mutations in the grlA, grlB, gyrA, and gyrB gene loci. Two mutations within grlA (located at codons 80 and 84) and two mutations within gyrA (located at codons 84 and 88) were clearly associated with ciprofloxacin resistance, although other mutations detected within the four genes studied may also contribute to decreased susceptibility.

Indexed as

Anti-Infective AgentsCiprofloxacinDNA GyraseDNA Topoisomerase IVDNA Topoisomerases, Type IIDrug Resistance, MicrobialGenes, BacterialHumansMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMutationStaphylococcus aureusAnti-Infective AgentsCiprofloxacinDNA GyraseDNA Topoisomerase IVDNA Topoisomerases, Type II

Identifiers

PMID9593159
PMCPMC105791

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.