ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience1998
Identification, localization, and modulation of neural networks for walking in the mudpuppy (Necturus maculatus) spinal cord.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed.
- Observing a movement correction during walking affects evoked responses but not unperturbed walking.PloS one · 2014Trial
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- The individuality of plantar pressure indices enables the reduction of descriptive gait data required for diagnostic purposes.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Balancing central control and sensory feedback produces adaptable and robust locomotor patterns in a spiking, neuromechanical model of the salamander spinal cord.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Computational Modeling of Spinal Locomotor Circuitry in the Age of Molecular Genetics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
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- The serotonin reuptake blocker citalopram destabilizes fictive locomotor activity in salamander axial circuits through 5-HTJournal of neurophysiology · 2020Article
- Reproducing Five Motor Behaviors in a Salamander Robot With Virtual Muscles and a Distributed CPG Controller Regulated by Drive Signals and Proprioceptive Feedback.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2020Article
- Distributed representation of pelvic floor muscles in human motor cortex.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- Diversity of molecularly defined spinal interneurons engaged in mammalian locomotor pattern generation.Journal of neurophysiology · 2017Review
- Elimination of Left-Right Reciprocal Coupling in the Adult Lamprey Spinal Cord Abolishes the Generation of Locomotor Activity.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2017Article
- From cineradiography to biorobots: an approach for designing robots to emulate and study animal locomotion.Journal of the Royal Society, Interface · 2016Article
- The mesencephalic locomotor region sends a bilateral glutamatergic drive to hindbrain reticulospinal neurons in a tetrapod.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2016Article
- Gap Junctions Contribute to the Regulation of Walking-Like Activity in the Adult Mudpuppy (Necturus Maculatus).PloS one · 2016Article
- A simple rule for quadrupedal gait generation determined by leg loading feedback: a modeling study.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Preclinical evidence supporting the clinical development of central pattern generator-modulating therapies for chronic spinal cord-injured patients.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2014Review
- Responses of a bursting pacemaker to excitation reveal spatial segregation between bursting and spiking mechanisms.Journal of computational neuroscience · 2011Article
- Initiation of segmental locomotor-like activities by stimulation of ventrolateral funiculus in the neonatal rat.Experimental brain research · 2011Article
- Modules in the brain stem and spinal cord underlying motor behaviors.Journal of neurophysiology · 2011Article
- Sensory feedback plays a significant role in generating walking gait and in gait transition in salamanders: a simulation study.Frontiers in neurorobotics · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We tested the hypothesis that the neural networks for walking in the mudpuppy can be divided into a flexor and an extensor center, each of which contains collections of interneurons localized in the vicinity of their motoneuron pools. Combining a battery of techniques, we identified and localized the elbow flexor center and its motoneuron pool in the C2 segment and the elbow extensor center and its motoneuron pool in the C3 segment. Rhythmic flexion or extension of the limb in isolation could be induced by continuous trains of current pulses of the C2 or C3 segments, respectively. Independent activation could also occur after application of glutamate receptor agonist NMDA. Part of segment C2 in isolation generated rhythmic elbow flexor bursts, whereas part of segment C3 in isolation generated rhythmic elbow extensor bursts. An isolated region spanning the C3 roots generated both flexor and extensor bursts. The step cycle was modulated in a phase-dependent manner by stimulation of the dorsal roots, the ventral roots, or either of the two centers. The effects of ventral root stimulation were removed by deafferentation to block reafferent input attributable to muscle contraction induced by the stimulation. We conclude that the neural networks for walking contain at least a flexor and an extensor generator that are localized in close apposition to the motoneuron pools, that the two centers can work independently despite the fact that there are reciprocal inhibitory interconnections between them, and that sensory input interacts with the spinal neural networks to reset the ongoing walking rhythm in a phase-dependent manner.
Indexed as
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9592106PMC6792799What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.