ArticleBiophysical journal1998
Structure of the erythrocyte membrane skeleton as observed by atomic force microscopy.
Article in Biophysical journal, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed.
- Zooming into Disease at the Nanoscale: High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Discovery.ACS nano · 2026Review
- Effect of intercellular collisions on red blood cell membrane damage.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Subcellular Mechanical Imaging of Erythrocytes with Optically Correlated Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy.ACS measurement science au · 2025Article
- Stomatocyte-discocyte-echinocyte transformations of erythrocyte modulated by membrane-cytoskeleton mechanical properties.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- Effective cell membrane tension protects red blood cells against malaria invasion.PLoS computational biology · 2023Article
- Nanoscale dynamics of actin filaments in the red blood cell membrane skeleton.Molecular biology of the cell · 2022Article
- Multimodal imaging reveals membrane skeleton reorganisation during reticulocyte maturation and differences in dimple and rim regions of mature erythrocytes.Journal of structural biology: X · 2022Article
- The Spectrinome: The Interactome of a Scaffold Protein Creating Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Connectivity and Function.Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.) · 2019Review
- Effects of Polyphenol Compounds and Nitrogen Oxide Donors on Lipid Oxidation, Membrane-Skeletal Proteins, and Erythrocyte Structure under Hypoxia.BioMed research international · 2019Article
- Conformational Distortions of the Red Blood Cell Spectrin Matrix Nanostructure in Response to Temperature ChangesScanning · 2019Article
- Impact of Diabetes Mellitus on Human Erythrocytes: Atomic Force Microscopy and Spectral Investigations.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- FC_analysis: a tool for investigating atomic force microscopy maps of force curves.BMC bioinformatics · 2018Article
- Cytoskeleton Remodeling Induces Membrane Stiffness and Stability Changes of Maturing Reticulocytes.Biophysical journal · 2018Article
- Nonlinear Biomechanical Characteristics of Deep Deformation of Native RBC Membranes in Normal State and under Modifier Action.Scanning · 2018Article
- Feisty filaments: actin dynamics in the red blood cell membrane skeleton.Current opinion in hematology · 2016Review
- Article
- The Physiological Molecular Shape of Spectrin: A Compact Supercoil Resembling a Chinese Finger Trap.PLoS computational biology · 2015Article
- Single-cell evaluation of red blood cell bio-mechanical and nano-structural alterations upon chemically induced oxidative stress.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Dynamics of red blood cells in microporous membranes.Biomicrofluidics · 2014Article
- Erythrocyte stiffness during morphological remodeling induced by carbon ion radiation.PloS one · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The structure of the membrane skeleton on the cytoplasmic surface of the erythrocyte plasma membrane was observed in dried human erythrocyte ghosts by atomic force microscopy (AFM), taking advantage of its high sensitivity to small height variations in surfaces. The majority of the membrane skeleton can be imaged, even on the extracellular surface of the membrane. Various fixation and drying methods were examined for preparation of ghost membrane samples for AFM observation, and it was found that freeze-drying (freezing by rapid immersion in a cryogen) of unfixed specimens was a fast and simple way to obtain consistently good results for observation without removing the membrane or extending the membrane skeleton. Observation of the membrane skeleton at the external surface of the cell was possible mainly because the bilayer portion of the membrane sank into the cell during the drying process. The average mesh size of the spectrin network observed at the extracellular and cytoplasmic surfaces of the plasma membrane was 4800 and 3000 nm2, respectively, which indicates that spectrin forms a three-dimensionally folded meshwork, and that 80% of spectrin can be observed at the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane.
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