Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9584188›Full record

ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1998

Transactivation by retinoid X receptor-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) heterodimers: intermolecular synergy requires only the PPARgamma hormone-dependent activation function.

I G Schulman, G Shao, R A Heyman

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 53 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
53citing papers in PubMed
7.6field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

53 citing papers in PubMed, 183 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. PPARs and Microbiota in Skeletal Muscle Health and Wasting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020
    Review
  10. Review
  11. Identifying adipogenic chemicals: Disparate effects in 3T3-L1, OP9 and primary mesenchymal multipotent cell models.Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA · 2020
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

I G SchulmanDepartment of Retinoid Research, Ligand Pharmaceuticals, San Diego, California 92121, USA. ischulman@ligand.com
G Shao
R A Heyman
Ligand Pharmaceuticals (United States) · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The ability of DNA sequence-specific transcription factors to synergistically activate transcription is a common property of genes transcribed by RNA polymerase II. The present work characterizes a unique form of intermolecular transcriptional synergy between two members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily. Heterodimers formed between peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma), an adipocyte-enriched member of the superfamily required for adipogenesis, and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) can activate transcription in response to ligands specific for either subunit of the dimer. Simultaneous treatment with ligands specific for both PPARgamma and RXR has a synergistic effect on the transactivation of reporter genes and on adipocyte differentiation in cultured cells. Mutation of the PPARgamma hormone-dependent activation domain (named tauc or AF-2) inhibits the ability of RXR-PPARgamma heterodimers to respond to ligands specific for either subunit. In contrast, the ability of RXR- and PPARgamma-specific ligands to synergize does not require the hormone-dependent activation domain of RXR. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that binding of ligands to RXR alters the conformation of the dimerization partner, PPARgamma, and modulates the activity of the heterodimer in a manner independent of the RXR hormone-dependent activation domain.

Indexed as

Transcriptional Activation3T3 CellsAdipocytesAnimalsBinding SitesCell DifferentiationDimerizationDNA-Binding ProteinsHistone AcetyltransferasesLigandsMacromolecular SubstancesMiceMicrobodiesNuclear ProteinsNuclear Receptor Coactivator 1Protein ConformationDNA-Binding ProteinsHistone AcetyltransferasesLigandsMacromolecular SubstancesNcoa1 protein, mouseNuclear ProteinsNuclear Receptor Coactivator 1Receptors, Cytoplasmic and NuclearReceptors, Retinoic AcidRetinoid X ReceptorsTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID9584188
PMCPMC108929
OpenAlexW2100277605

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.