ArticleInfection and immunity1998
Characteristics of invasive candidiasis in gamma interferon- and interleukin-4-deficient mice: role of macrophages in host defense against Candida albicans.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Rethinking the immune recognition of cell walls in human fungal pathogens: Mechanisms, controversies and translational significance.Virulence · 2026Review
- The emerging fungal pathogenbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Interferon-Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Unique roles of aminophospholipid translocase Drs2p in governing efflux pump activity, ergosterol level, virulence traits, and host-pathogen interaction in Candida albicans.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2022Article
- Arid5a Mediates an IL-17-Dependent Pathway That Drives Autoimmunity but Not Antifungal Host Defense.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Local antifungal immunity in the kidney in disseminated candidiasis.Current opinion in microbiology · 2021Review
- Renal CD169Life science alliance · 2021Article
- Review
- Evaluation of Lsa46 and Lsa77 Leptospiral Proteins for Their Immunoprotective Activities in Hamster Model of Leptospirosis.BioMed research international · 2018Article
- Article
- Interaction of Candida albicans with host cells: virulence factors, host defense, escape strategies, and the microbiota.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2016Review
- IL-17-Mediated Immunity to the Opportunistic Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2015Review
- Vitamin D every day to keep the infection away?Nutrients · 2015Review
- Concanavalin A-mediated T cell proliferation is regulated by herpes virus entry mediator costimulatory molecule.In vitro cellular & developmental biology. Animal · 2014Article
- Exacerbation of invasive Candida albicans infection by commensal bacteria or a glycolipid through IFN-γ produced in part by iNKT cells.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2014Article
- B cell-deficient mice display enhanced susceptibility to Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Infection.Mycopathologia · 2013Article
- UDP-glucose 4, 6-dehydratase activity plays an important role in maintaining cell wall integrity and virulence of Candida albicans.PLoS pathogens · 2011Article
- Diagnosis of invasive candidiasis in the ICU.Annals of intensive care · 2011Article
- IL-12 and related cytokines: function and regulatory implications in Candida albicans infection.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2011Review
- T-cell Subsets and Antifungal Host Defenses.Current fungal infection reports · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Murine models of invasive candidiasis were used to study the in vivo importance of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) in host defense against Candida albicans and to characterize the tissue inflammatory reactions, with special reference to macrophages (Mphi). Knockout (KO) IFN-gamma-deficient (GKO) and IL-4-deficient (IL-4 KO) and C57BL/6 parental mouse strains were challenged intraperitoneally with 10(8) C. albicans blastoconidia. Survival of GKO mice was significantly lower (16.7%) than that of C57BL/6 control (55.5%) and IL-4 KO (61.1%) animals, but was not correlated with the extent of organ colonization. Immunohistological analysis with a panel of myeloid and lymphoid markers revealed multiple renal abscesses, myocarditis, hepatitis, meningoencephalitis, and pneumonia in each strain, with a dominant presence of Mphi. In the absence of IFN-gamma, C. albicans induced striking changes in the phenotype of alveolar Mphi and extensive perivascular lymphoid infiltrates in the lung. Impairment in nitric oxide production by peritoneal Mphi was shown only in GKO mice, and they produced Candida-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, and IgG subclasses in lower titers. Our in vivo studies with KO mice elucidate a critical role for IFN-gamma, but not IL-4, in host defense against C. albicans.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.