ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1998
C-C chemokines, pivotal in protection against HIV type 1 infection.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Human T cell leukaemia virus type 2 tax protein mediates CC-chemokine expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells via the nuclear factor kappa B canonical pathway.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2014Trial
- Impact of NNRTI compared to PI-based highly active antiretroviral therapy on CCR5 receptor expression, beta-chemokines and IL-16 secretion in HIV-1 infection.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2002Trial
- Enterocyte Autoantibodies (GECAs) and HLA: Their Relationship with HIV Infection Pathogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- The Human Milk Oligosaccharide Lacto-N-Fucopentaose III Conjugated to Dextran Inhibits HIV Replication in Primary Human Macrophages.Nutrients · 2025Article
- IFNα induces CCR5 in CD4Communications medicine · 2024Article
- NK Cells, Monocytes and Macrophages in HIV-1 Control: Impact of Innate Immune Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Decreased MIP-3α Production from Antigen-Activated PBMCs in Symptomatic HIV-Infected Subjects.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Natural killer cells play an important role in virus infection control: Antiviral mechanism, subset expansion and clinical application.Clinical immunology (Orlando, Fla.) · 2021Review
- Cytokine/Chemokine responses in activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from peripheral blood, bone marrow, and axillary lymph nodes during acute simian immunodeficiency virus infection.Journal of virology · 2014Article
- HIV-1 exploits CCR5 conformational heterogeneity to escape inhibition by chemokines.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- Induction of CC-chemokines with antiviral function in macrophages by the human T lymphotropic virus type 2 transactivating protein, Tax2.Viral immunology · 2013Article
- Soluble factors from T cells inhibiting X4 strains of HIV are a mixture of β chemokines and RNases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2012Article
- HIV and tuberculosis: a deadly human syndemic.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2011Review
- Mendelian randomization: potential use of genetics to enable causal inferences regarding HIV-associated biomarkers and outcomes.Current opinion in HIV and AIDS · 2010Review
- CCL3 and viral chemokine-binding protein gg modulate pulmonary inflammation and virus replication during equine herpesvirus 1 infection.Journal of virology · 2008Article
- Self-protection of individual CD4+ T cells against R5 HIV-1 infection by the synthesis of anti-viral CCR5 ligands.PloS one · 2008Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gag antigen-specific T-helper and granule-dependent CD8 T-cell activities in exposed but uninfected heterosexual partners of HIV type 1-infected individuals in North India.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2007Article
- Host factors influencing susceptibility to HIV infection and AIDS progression.Retrovirology · 2007Review
- Reduced ability of newborns to produce CCL3 is associated with increased susceptibility to perinatal human immunodeficiency virus 1 transmission.The Journal of general virology · 2006Article
- Immune pathogenesis of pediatric HIV-1 infection.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2006Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Exposure to HIV type 1 (HIV-1) does not usually lead to infection. Although this could be because of insufficient virus titer, there is now abundant evidence that some individuals resist infection even when directly exposed to a high titer of HIV. This protection recently has been correlated with homozygous mutations of an HIV-1 coreceptor, namely CCR5, the receptor for the beta-chemokines. Moreover, earlier results already had shown that the same chemokines markedly suppress the nonsyncitial inducing variants of HIV-1, the chief virus type transmitted from person to person. CCR5 mutation, as a unique mechanism of protection, is, however, suspect because HIV-1 variants can use other chemokine receptors as their coreceptor. Moreover, recent results have established that infection can indeed sometimes occur with such mutations. Here, we report on transient natural resistance over time of most of 128 hemophiliacs who were inoculated repeatedly with HIV-1-contaminated Factor VIII concentrate from plasma during 1980-1985 before the development of the HIV blood test. Furthermore, and remarkably, 14 subjects remain uninfected to this date, and in these subjects we found homozygous CCR5 mutations in none but in most of them overproduction of beta chemokines. In vitro experiments confirmed the potent anti-HIV suppressive effect of these chemokines.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.