ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1998
Cytokine-induced survival of activated T cells in vitro and in vivo.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 118 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
118 citing papers in PubMed, 390 citations in OpenAlex.
- Fluticasone induces T cell apoptosis in the bronchial wall of mild to moderate asthmatics.Thorax · 2004Trial
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- Allogeneic Immune Cell Perfusion Inhibits the Growth of Vascularized 3D In Vitro Tumor Models, Induces Vascular Regression and Desmoplasia, but Promotes Tumor Cell Invasion.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
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- Combined Deletion of ZFP36L1 and ZFP36L2 Drives Superior Cytokine Production in T Cells at the Cost of Cell Fitness.European journal of immunology · 2025Article
- Memory CD4+ T cells sequentially restructure their 3D genome during stepwise activation.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Pathophysiology and preclinical relevance of experimental graft-versus-host disease in humanized mice.Biomarker research · 2024Review
- Lyophilized lymph nodes for improved delivery of chimeric antigen receptor T cells.Nature materials · 2024Article
- Lymph node-biomimetic scaffold boosts CAR-T therapy against solid tumor.National science review · 2024Article
- Technical pitfalls when collecting, cryopreserving, thawing, and stimulating human T-cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Exploiting an Interleukin-15 Heterodimeric Agonist (N803) for Effective Immunotherapy of Solid Malignancies.Cells · 2023Review
- IMiDs Augment CD3-Bispecific Antibody-Induced CD8+ T-Cell Cytotoxicity and Expansion by Enhancing IL2 Production.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2023Article
- A new microphysiological system shows hypoxia primes human ISCs for interleukin-dependent rescue of stem cell activity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- CD8 T cell response and its released cytokine IFN-γ are necessary for lung alveolar epithelial repair during bacterial pneumonia.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Modulation of T cell function and survival by the tumor microenvironment.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2023Review
- CRISPR/Cas9-induced structural variations expand in T lymphocytes in vivo.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Mapping autophagosome contents identifies interleukin-7 receptor-α as a key cargo modulating CD4+ T cell proliferation.Nature communications · 2022Article
- The generation and application of antigen-specific T cell therapies for cancer and viral-associated disease.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2022Review
58 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Many antigen-specific T cells die after exposure to antigen in animals. These cells also die if they are isolated from animals shortly after activation and cultured. Various cytokines were tested for their ability to interfere with this in vitro death. Surprisingly, tumor necrosis factor alpha and other inflammatory cytokines did not prevent the in vitro death of activated T cells, even though these cytokines do prevent activated T cell death in animals. Therefore, the inflammatory cytokines probably act on T cells in vivo via an intermediary factor. Four cytokines, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, IL-7, and IL-15, did prevent activated T cell death in vitro, with IL-4 and IL-15 more effective than IL-2 or IL-7. These cytokines share a component of their receptors, the common gamma chain, gammac. Therefore, their collective ability to protect activated T cells from death may be mediated by signals involving gammac. To assess their activity in vivo, two of the cytokines, IL-2 and IL-4, were expressed in animals at local sites of superantigen responses. Both cytokines increased the numbers of T cells found at the local sites 14 days later. Interleukin 4 was more effective than IL-2, even though IL-2 stimulates T cell proliferation better than IL-4. This result suggested that IL-4 and related cytokines can promote T cell survival in vivo as well as in vitro. The ability of these cytokines to prevent the death of activated T cells may be important at certain stages of immune responses in animals.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.