ReviewClinical pharmacokinetics1998
Clinical pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen. The first 30 years.
Review in Clinical pharmacokinetics, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 129 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomised, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Parallel-Group, Multiple-Dose, Active and Placebo-Controlled Efficacy Study of Ibuprofen Prolonged-Release Tablets for the Treatment of Pain After Surgical Removal of Impacted Third Molars
Non - Opioid Treatments (Single Administration) for Pain During the Early Postpartum Period After Vaginal Delivery
An Open-label, Randomized, 3-way Crossover Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics of Investigational Product Ibuprofen Modified-Release Tablets 800 mg Compared to Ibuprofen Tablets 800 mg in Healthy Volunteers
A Randomised, Double-blind, Double-dummy, Parallel-group, Single Dose, Active and Placebo-controlled Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Study of 2 x 200 mg Ibuprofen Liquid Capsules for the Treatment of Pain After Surgical Removal of Impacted Third Molars.
Who cites it
129 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 437 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of simple analgesics for acute treatment of episodic tension-type headache in adults: a network meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (single dose) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021Pooled it
- Oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (single dose) for perineal pain in the early postpartum period.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Repurposing drugs for treatment of tuberculosis: a role for non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.British medical bulletin · 2016Pooled it
- Ibuprofen for Alzheimer's disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2003Pooled it
- Bioequivalence Study of Two Ibuprofen Arginine Formulations in Healthy Chinese Subjects Under Fed Conditions.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2026Trial
- Development of a Biphasic Modified-Release Ibuprofen Tablet Formulation: Single-Dose and Multiple-Dose Pharmacokinetics and Food-Effect Studies.Clinical and translational science · 2026Trial
- Acupressure versus NSAID for relief of orthodontic pain : A randomized controlled clinical trial.Journal of orofacial orthopedics = Fortschritte der Kieferorthopadie : Organ/official journal Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Kieferorthopadie · 2025Trial
- Analgesic effect of oral paracetamol 1000 mg/ibuprofen 400 mg, paracetamol 1000 mg/codeine 60 mg, paracetamol 1000 mg/ibuprofen 400 mg/codeine 60 mg, or placebo on acute postoperative pain: a single-dose, randomized, and double-blind study.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2023Trial
- Evaluation of Fixed-Dose Combinations of Ibuprofen and Acetaminophen in the Treatment of Postsurgical Dental Pain: A Pilot, Dose-Ranging, Randomized Study.Drugs in R&D · 2020Trial
- Pharmacokinetic Properties of Ibuprofen (IBU) From the Fixed-Dose Combination IBU/Caffeine (400/100 mg; FDC) in Comparison With 400 mg IBU as Acid or Lysinate Under Fasted and Fed Conditions-Data From 2 Single-Center, Single-Dose, Randomized Crossover Studies in Healthy Volunteers.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2019Trial
- Linking the Gastrointestinal Behavior of Ibuprofen with the Systemic Exposure between and within Humans-Part 1: Fasted State Conditions.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2018Trial
- Linking the Gastrointestinal Behavior of Ibuprofen with the Systemic Exposure between and within Humans-Part 2: Fed State.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2018Trial
- The Relative Bioavailability of Ibuprofen After Administration With a Novel Soft Chewable Drug Formulation.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2018Trial
- In Vivo Dissolution and Systemic Absorption of Immediate Release Ibuprofen in Human Gastrointestinal Tract under Fed and Fasted Conditions.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2017Trial
- Prediction of Transporter-Mediated Drug-Drug Interactions for Baricitinib.Clinical and translational science · 2017Trial
- Analgesic Efficacy of a New Immediate-Release/Extended-Release Formulation of Ibuprofen: Results From Single- and Multiple-Dose Postsurgical Dental Pain Studies.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2017Trial
- Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation according to absorption differences in three formulations of ibuprofen.Drug design, development and therapy · 2017Trial
- Pharmacokinetic Properties of Intravenous Ibuprofen in Healthy Chinese Volunteers.Clinical drug investigation · 2016Trial
- Trial
69 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ibuprofen is a chiral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) of the 2 arylpropionic acid (2-APA) class. A common structural feature of 2-APANSAIDs is a sp3-hybridised tetrahedral chiral carbon atom within the propionic acid side chain moiety with the S-(+)-enantiomer possessing most of the beneficial anti-inflammatory activity. Ibuprofen demonstrates marked stereoselectivity in its pharmacokinetics. Substantial unidirectional inversion of the R-(-) to the S-(+) enantiomer occurs and thus, data generated using nonstereospecific assays may not be extrapolated to explain the disposition of the individual enantiomers. The absorption of ibuprofen is rapid and complete when given orally. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) of ibuprofen is dose-dependent. Ibuprofen binds extensively, in a concentration-dependent manner, to plasma albumin. At doses greater than 600mg there is an increase in the unbound fraction of the drug, leading to an increased clearance of ibuprofen and a reduced AUC of the total drug. Substantial concentrations of ibuprofen are attained in synovial fluid, which is a proposed site of action for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ibuprofen is eliminated following biotransformation to glucuronide conjugate metabolites that are excreted in urine, with little of the drug being eliminated unchanged. The excretion of conjugates may be tied to renal function and the accumulation of conjugates occurs in end-stage renal disease. Hepatic disease and cystic fibrosis can alter the disposition kinetics of ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is not excreted in substantial concentrations into breast milk. Significant drug interactions have been demonstrated for aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid), cholestyramine and methotrexate. A relationship between ibuprofen plasma concentrations and analgesic and antipyretic effects has been elucidated.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.