ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1998
Retinoic acid inhibits induction of c-Jun protein by ultraviolet radiation that occurs subsequent to activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways in human skin in vivo.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 81 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
81 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 386 citations in OpenAlex.
- DNA repair enzymes in sunscreens and their impact on photoageing-A systematic review.Photodermatology, photoimmunology & photomedicine · 2020Pooled it
- Single-cell analysis of skin and blood reveals systemic immune responses to ultraviolet B and their impairment in MS.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Trial
- Activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Response to Acute Solar-Simulated Light Exposure of Human Skin.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2015Trial
- Protein Post-Translational Modifications in UV-Induced Skin Damage.Experimental dermatology · 2026Review
- Hydrolyzed corn starch with maltotetraose for skin defense through NRF2 pathway activation in human keratinocytes.PloS one · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine in skin aging: a narrative review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Amphibians as a source of bioactive antioxidant peptides: Emerging insights and therapeutic potential.Zoological research · 2025Review
- A Bibliometric Analysis of the Top 100 Most-Cited Articles on Skin Photoaging.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Preparation and Evaluation of the Effectiveness of an Anti-Wrinkle Cream Containing Equisetum arvense and Soybean Extracts.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2025Article
- Antiphotoaging effects of a group of antioxidant peptides through downregulating matrix metalloproteinases and inflammation factors.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2025Article
- Elucidating Anti-aging and Antioxidant Activity ofCombinatorial chemistry & high throughput screening · 2025Article
- Molecular mechanism of the anti-inflammatory and skin protective effects ofFood science and biotechnology · 2024Article
- The Effect of γ-Aminobutyric Acid Intake on UVB- Induced Skin Damage in Hairless Mice.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2023Article
- Photoprotective Effects ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Ultraviolet Radiation Exposure and its Impacts on Cutaneous Phosphorylation Signaling in Carcinogenesis: Focusing on Protein Tyrosine PhosphatasesPhotochemistry and photobiology · 2023Review
- Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of CC-90001 (BMS-986360), a c-Jun N-terminal Kinase Inhibitor, in Phase 1 Studies in Healthy Participants.Clinical pharmacology in drug development · 2022Article
- Beneficial Effect ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Facial skin ageing: Key concepts and overview of processes.International journal of cosmetic science · 2022Review
- Melatonin Prevents UVB-Induced Skin Photoaging by Inhibiting Oxidative Damage and MMP Expression through JNK/AP-1 Signaling Pathway in Human Dermal Fibroblasts.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
21 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Human skin is exposed daily to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV induces the matrix metalloproteinases collagenase, 92-kD gelatinase, and stromelysin, which degrade skin connective tissue and may contribute to premature skin aging (photoaging). Pretreatment of skin with all-trans retinoic acid (tRA) inhibits UV induction of matrix metalloproteinases. We investigated upstream signal transduction pathways and the mechanism of tRA inhibition of UV induction of matrix metalloproteinases in human skin in vivo. Exposure of human skin in vivo to low doses of UV activated EGF receptors, the GTP-binding regulatory protein p21Ras, and stimulated mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), c-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38. Both JNK and p38 phosphorylated, and thereby activated transcription factors c-Jun and activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2), which bound to the c-Jun promoter and upregulated c-Jun gene expression. Elevated c-Jun, in association with constitutively expressed c-Fos, formed increased levels of transcription factor activator protein (AP) 1, which is required for transcription of matrix metalloproteinases. Pretreatment of human skin with tRA inhibited UV induction of c-Jun protein and, consequently, AP-1. c-Jun protein inhibition occurred via a posttranscriptional mechanism, since tRA did not inhibit UV induction of c-Jun mRNA. These data demonstrate, for the first time, activation of MAP kinase pathways in humans in vivo, and reveal a novel posttranscriptional mechanism by which tRA antagonizes UV activation of AP-1 by inhibiting c-Jun protein induction. Inhibition of c-Jun induction likely contributes to the previously reported prevention by tRA of UV induction of AP-1-regulated matrix-degrading metalloproteinases in human skin.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.