ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology1998
Effect of protease inhibitors on nucleoside analogue phosphorylation in vitro.
Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Profiling of cis-diol-containing nucleosides and ribosylated metabolites by boronate-affinity organic-silica hybrid monolithic capillary liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Saquinavir soft-gel capsule: an updated review of its use in the management of HIV infection.Drugs · 2000Review
- Pharmacokinetics and potential interactions amongst antiretroviral agents used to treat patients with HIV infection.Clinical pharmacokinetics · 1999Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aimsCombination antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection now involves both nucleoside analogues and protease inhibitors. Since intracellular phosphorylation is essential for the activity of all the nucleoside analogues this study was designed to investigate interactions with protease inhibitors at the intracellular level which may alter antiviral efficacy.
methodsPHA-stimulated PBMCs (3 x 10[6] cell/plate) and U937 cells (4 x 10[6] cells/plate) were incubated with either radiolabelled zidovudine (ZDV), stavudine (d4T), zalcitabine (ddC), lamivudine (3TC) or didanosine (ddI) in the presence and absence of the protease inhibitors, indinavir, ritonavir, and saquinavir (0.1-10 microM) for 24 h. Cells were extracted overnight prior to analysis by radiometric h.p.l.c. Intracellular phosphates were standardised to pmol per million cells.
resultsNone of the three protease inhibitors tested had any significant effect on the intracellular phosphorylation of the five nucleoside analogues. It is particularly important to focus on the active triphosphate anabolites and data for control vs ritonavir (10 microM) incubations in U937 cells were as follows: ZDVTP, 0.19 +/- 0.02 vs 0.21 +/- 0.2 pmol/10(6) cells (mean +/- s.d.; n = 5); d4TTP, 0.30 +/- 0.13 vs 0.27 +/- 0.26; 3TCTP, 0.32 +/- 0.12 vs 0.26 +/- 0.19; ddCTP, 0.07 +/- 0.04 vs 0.06 +/- 0.02, ddATP, 0.014 +/- 0.003 vs 0.018 +/- 0.006 pmol/10(6) cells.
conclusionsThe protease inhibitors, indinavir, ritonavir and saquinavir have no effect on the enzymes responsible for phosphorylation. Combining protease inhibitors and nucleoside analogues should not lead to any intracellular interactions in vivo.
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