ArticleThorax1997
Peak flow variability, methacholine responsiveness and atopy as markers for detecting different wheezing phenotypes in childhood.
Article in Thorax, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00005475 (Longitudinal Study of Asthma From Birth to Adulthood), which is not on this map. Cited by 50 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Longitudinal Study of Asthma From Birth to Adulthood
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 298 citations in OpenAlex.
- Infant milk-feeding practices and food allergies, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and asthma throughout the life span: a systematic review.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2019Pooled it
- Leukotriene receptor antagonists as maintenance and intermittent therapy for episodic viral wheeze in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2006Pooled it
- Diagnosis of asthma.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2005Guideline
- Summary of recommendations from the Canadian Asthma Consensus guidelines, 2003.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2005Guideline
- Decreased pulmonary function in school children in Western Japan after exposures to Asian desert dusts and its association with interleukin-8.BioMed research international · 2015Trial
- Trial
- Navigating the Asthma Maze in Children Through Trajectories With Allergic Comorbidities.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2025Article
- Endotype of allergic asthma with airway obstruction in urban children.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2021Article
- Sex Differences in the Prevalence and Severity of Exercise-Induced Bronchoconstriction in Kindergarteners in Japan.Journal of general and family medicine · 2019Article
- Childhood Asthma Inception and Progression: Role of Microbial Exposures, Susceptibility to Viruses and Early Allergic Sensitization.Immunology and allergy clinics of North America · 2019Review
- Peak flow variability in childhood and body mass index in adult life.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Article
- Sex-specific risk factors for childhood wheeze and longitudinal phenotypes of wheeze.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2016Article
- Secondhand Smoke Is an Important Modifiable Risk Factor in Sickle Cell Disease: A Review of the Current Literature and Areas for Future Research.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2016Review
- A Distinct Low Lung Function Trajectory from Childhood to the Fourth Decade of Life.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2016Article
- Maybe there is no such thing as bronchiolitis.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2016Review
- Social inequalities in wheezing in children: findings from the UK Millennium Cohort Study.The European respiratory journal · 2016Article
- Genes associated with RSV lower respiratory tract infection and asthma: the application of genetic epidemiological methods to understand causality.Future virology · 2015Article
- The Association of Lung Function, Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness, and Exhaled Nitric Oxide Differs Between Atopic and Non-atopic Asthma in Children.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2015Article
- Risk of current asthma among adult smokers with respiratory syncytial virus illnesses in early life.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2014Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is increasing evidence that wheezing during childhood may be a heterogeneous condition, and that different forms of wheezing may be associated with different risk factors and prognosis. The aim of this study was to determine if measures of airway lability and of atopy could identify distinct wheezing phenotypes during childhood.
methodIn a cohort of children followed from birth peak flow variability (n = 600) was evaluated and methacholine challenge responsiveness (n = 397) was measured at age 11 in relation to wheezing before the age of three, and at age six and 11 years total serum IgE and skin test reactivity to allergens were determined.
resultsNeither positive peak flow variability nor methacholine hyperresponsiveness measured at age 11 were associated with wheezing occurring only during the first three years of life. Both methacholine hyperresponsiveness and positive peak flow variability were associated with wheezing at both ages six and 11 (OR 5.1 (95% CI 2.4 to 10.6) and 2.3 (1.2 to 4.5), respectively). In addition, positive peak flow variability was associated with wheezing up to the age of six but not at age 11 in non-atopic children (OR 2.9 (95% CI 1.0 to 8.8)). Methacholine hyperresponsiveness measured at age 11 was more frequently observed in boys (OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.2 to 3.5)) and was strongly associated with serum IgE levels measured at ages six and 11 (p < 0.001) and with positive skin test reactivity (OR 4.5 (95% CI 2.0 to 10.1)). Peak flow variability was unrelated to sex or markers of atopy (IgE and skin test reactivity).
conclusionsMethacholine responsiveness and peak flow variability assessed at age 11, together with markers of atopy (IgE and skin test reactivity to allergens) identify three different wheezing phenotypes in childhood: "transient early wheezing" limited to the first three years of life and unrelated to increased airway lability; "non-atopic wheezing" of the toddler and early school years associated with positive peak flow variability but not with methacholine hyperresponsiveness; and "IgE-associated wheeze/asthma" associated with persistent wheezing at any age and with methacholine hyperresponsiveness, peak flow variability, and markers of atopy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.