ArticleJournal of virology1998
Human MxA protein confers resistance to Semliki Forest virus and inhibits the amplification of a Semliki Forest virus-based replicon in the absence of viral structural proteins.
Article in Journal of virology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 140 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluating myxovirus resistance protein A-based rapid testing combined with pathogen sequencing for arboviral and incidental viral infection surveillance in Senegal.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Comparison of innate immune responses against arboviruses in mammalian hosts and mosquito vectors.hLife · 2025Review
- Article
- TMEΜ45B Interacts with Sindbis Virus Nsp1 and Nsp4 and Inhibits Viral Replication.Journal of virology · 2022Article
- Identification ofJournal, genetic engineering & biotechnology · 2018Article
- Innate immune control of alphavirus infection.Current opinion in virology · 2018Review
- Regulation of the Interferon Response by lncRNAs in HCV Infection.Frontiers in microbiology · 2018Review
- Assessment of the Relation Between SNP in MxA Gene and the Responsiveness of Egyptian HCV Genotype 4 Patients to Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin Treatment.Gastroenterology research · 2017Article
- RNA-Seq analysis of chikungunya virus infection and identification of granzyme A as a major promoter of arthritic inflammation.PLoS pathogens · 2017Article
- Long Non-coding RNAs in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Cells.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- Vaccinia virus and Cowpox virus are not susceptible to the interferon-induced antiviral protein MxA.PloS one · 2017Article
- Classical swine fever virus replicated poorly in cells from MxA transgenic pigs.BMC veterinary research · 2016Article
- Long noncoding RNA EGOT negatively affects the antiviral response and favors HCV replication.EMBO reports · 2016Article
- A single nucleotide polymorphism of porcine MX2 gene provides antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus.Immunogenetics · 2014Article
- Mx proteins: antiviral gatekeepers that restrain the uninvited.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2013Review
- An evolutionary perspective on the broad antiviral specificity of MxA.Current opinion in microbiology · 2013Review
- The myxovirus resistance A (MxA) gene -88G>T single nucleotide polymorphism is associated with prostate cancer.Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2013Article
- Antiviral specificity of the Solea senegalensis Mx protein constitutively expressed in CHSE-214 cells.Marine biotechnology (New York, N.Y.) · 2013Article
- Evolution-guided identification of antiviral specificity determinants in the broadly acting interferon-induced innate immunity factor MxA.Cell host & microbe · 2012Article
- Tailored enrichment strategy detects low abundant small noncoding RNAs in HIV-1 infected cells.Retrovirology · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mx proteins form a small family of interferon (IFN)-induced GTPases with potent antiviral activity against various negative-strand RNA viruses. To examine the antiviral spectrum of human MxA in homologous cells, we stably transfected HEp-2 cells with a plasmid directing the expression of MxA cDNA. HEp-2 cells are permissive for many viruses and are unable to express endogenous MxA in response to IFN. Experimental infection with various RNA and DNA viruses revealed that MxA-expressing HEp-2 cells were protected not only against influenza virus and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) but also against Semliki Forest virus (SFV), a togavirus with a single-stranded RNA genome of positive polarity. In MxA-transfected cells, viral yields were reduced up to 1,700-fold, and the degree of inhibition correlated well with the expression level of MxA. Furthermore, expression of MxA prevented the accumulation of 49S RNA and 26S RNA, indicating that SFV was inhibited early in its replication cycle. Very similar results were obtained with MxA-transfected cells of the human monocytic cell line U937. The results demonstrate that the antiviral spectrum of MxA is not restricted to negative-strand RNA viruses but also includes SFV, which contains an RNA genome of positive polarity. To test whether MxA protein exerts its inhibitory activity against SFV in the absence of viral structural proteins, we took advantage of a recombinant vector based on the SFV replicon. The vector contains only the coding sequence for the viral nonstructural proteins and the bacterial LacZ gene, which was cloned in place of the viral structural genes. Upon transfection of vector-derived recombinant RNA, expression of the beta-galactosidase reporter gene was strongly reduced in the presence of MxA. This finding indicates that viral components other than the structural proteins are the target of MxA action.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.