Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9440520›Full record

ArticleJournal of bacteriology1998

Differential regulation of multiple flagellins in Vibrio cholerae.

K E Klose, J J Mekalanos

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of bacteriology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 85 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
85citing papers in PubMed
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

85 citing papers in PubMed, 157 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Structural basis of multimodal adsorption and infection initiation bybioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. The last bacterial common ancestor encoded a complex flagellum.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Lighting the way: how theJournal of bacteriology · 2024
    Review
  10. The cAMP Receptor Protein (CRP) ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. The Vibrio Polar Flagellum: Structure and Regulation.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Molecular Characterization of Three Tandemly Located Flagellin Genes ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Article
  15. Experimental evolution ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2022
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

25 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

K E KloseDepartment of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
J J Mekalanos
Harvard University · USLaboratory of Molecular Genetics · PL

Funding

Genetic analysis of toxinogenesis of Vibrio choleraeR37AI018045 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI John Joseph Mekalanos · 1989 to 2026
$12.8M
Genetic Analysis of Toxinogenesis in Vibrio CholeraeR01AI018045 · NIAID · HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL · PI MEKALANOS, JOHN JOSEPH · 2009 to 2018
$6.7M
HOST MACROPHAGE RESPONSE TO SALMONELLA INFECTIONF32AI009118 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI KLOSE, KARL E · 1994 to 1996
–
GENETIC ANALYSIS OF TOXINOGENESIS IN VIBRIO CHOLERAER22AI018045 · NIAID · HARVARD UNIVERSITY (MEDICAL SCHOOL) · PI HAYDON, PHILIP G · 1985 to 1988
–
NIAID NIH HHS AI09118-03NIAID NIH HHS AI18045-13NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI009118NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI018045NIAID NIH HHS R37 AI018045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of the human diarrheal disease cholera, is a motile bacterium with a single polar flagellum. Motility has been implicated as a virulence determinant in some animal models of cholera, but the relationship between motility and virulence has not yet been clearly defined. We have begun to define the regulatory circuitry controlling motility. We have identified five V. cholerae flagellin genes, arranged in two chromosomal loci, flaAC and flaEDB; all five genes have their own promoters. The predicted gene products have a high degree of homology to each other. A strain containing a single mutation in flaA is nonmotile and lacks a flagellum, while strains containing multiple mutations in the other four flagellin genes, including a flaCEDB strain, remain motile. Measurement of fla promoter-lacZ fusions reveals that all five flagellin promoters are transcribed at high levels in both wild-type and flaA strains. Measurement of the flagellin promoter-lacZ fusions in Salmonella typhimurium indicates that the promoter for flaA is transcribed by the sigma54 holoenzyme form of RNA polymerase while the flaE, flaD, and flaB promoters are transcribed by the sigma28 holoenzyme. These results reveal that the V. cholerae flagellum is a complex structure with multiple flagellin subunits including FlaA, which is essential for flagellar synthesis and is differentially regulated from the other flagellins.

Indexed as

DNA-Binding ProteinsGene Expression Regulation, BacterialAmino Acid SequenceBase SequenceChromosome MappingDNA, BacterialDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesFlagellinMolecular Sequence DataPromoter Regions, GeneticRNA Polymerase Sigma 54Sequence Homology, Amino AcidSequence Homology, Nucleic AcidSigma FactorTranscription, GeneticVibrio choleraeDNA, BacterialDNA-Binding ProteinsDNA-Directed RNA PolymerasesFlagellinRNA Polymerase Sigma 54Sigma Factor

Identifiers

PMID9440520
PMCPMC106886
OpenAlexW2152817710

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.