ArticleJournal of virology1998
Identification and functional characterization of a high-affinity Bel-1 DNA binding site located in the human foamy virus internal promoter.
Article in Journal of virology, 1998. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Beyond reverse transcription: molecular mechanisms and emerging paradigms in retroviral replication.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- TheViruses · 2023Article
- Identification of Cartilaginous Fish Endogenous Foamy Virus Rooting to Vertebrate Counterparts.Journal of virology · 2023Article
- SGK1, a Serine/Threonine Kinase, Inhibits Prototype Foamy Virus Replication.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- The Regulation of Prototype Foamy Virus 5'Long Terminal Repeats and Internal Promoter by Endogenous Transcription Factors.Intervirology · 2022Article
- Trim28 acts as restriction factor of prototype foamy virus replication by modulating H3K9me3 marks and destabilizing the viral transactivator Tas.Retrovirology · 2021Article
- Inhibition of spumavirus gene expression by PHF11.PLoS pathogens · 2020Article
- Nuclear import of prototype foamy virus transactivator Bel1 is mediated by KPNA1, KPNA6 and KPNA7.International journal of molecular medicine · 2016Article
- Important role of N108 residue in binding of bovine foamy virus transactivator Tas to viral promoters.Virology journal · 2016Article
- Review
- Non-simian foamy viruses: molecular virology, tropism and prevalence and zoonotic/interspecies transmission.Viruses · 2013Review
- HTLV-3/4 and simian foamy retroviruses in humans: discovery, epidemiology, cross-species transmission and molecular virology.Virology · 2013Review
- Genetic characterization of simian foamy viruses infecting humans.Journal of virology · 2012Article
- Review
- Foamy virus nuclear RNA export is distinct from that of other retroviruses.Journal of virology · 2011Article
- Molecular biology of foamy viruses.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2010Review
- Article
- Anti-viral RNA silencing: do we look like plants?Retrovirology · 2006Review
- Improved primate foamy virus vectors and packaging constructs.Journal of virology · 2002Article
- Cell-type-specific regulation of the two foamy virus promoters.Journal of virology · 2001Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The transcription of genes carried by primate foamy viruses is dependent on two distinct promoter elements. These are the long terminal repeat (LTR) promoter, which regulates expression of the viral structural proteins, and a second internal promoter, located towards the 3' end of the env gene, that directs expression of the viral auxiliary proteins. One of these auxiliary proteins is a potent transcriptional transactivator, termed Bel-1 in human foamy virus (HFV) and Tas or Taf in the related simian foamy viruses, that is critical for foamy virus replication. Previously, it has been demonstrated that the LTR promoter element of HFV contains a DNA binding site for Bel-1 that is critical for transcriptional activation (F. He, W. S. Blair, J. Fukushima, and B. R. Cullen, J. Virol. 70:3902-3908, 1996). Here, we extended this earlier work by using methylation interference analysis to identify and characterize the Bel-1 DNA binding sites located in the HFV LTR and internal promoter elements. Based on these data, we propose a minimal, 25-bp DNA binding site for Bel-1, derived from the HFV internal promoter element, and show that this short DNA sequence mediates efficient Bel-1 binding both in vitro and in vivo. We further demonstrate that, as determined by both in vitro and in vivo assays, the Bel-1 target site located within the HFV internal promoter binds Bel-1 with a significantly higher affinity than the cap-proximal Bel-1 target site located in the LTR promoter. This result may provide a mechanistic explanation for the observation that the internal promoter is activated significantly earlier than the LTR promoter during the foamy virus life cycle.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.