ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1997
Asian genotypes of JC virus in Native Americans and in a Pacific Island population: markers of viral evolution and human migration.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.
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Who cites it
49 citing papers in PubMed.
- Increased frequency of JC virus type 2 and of dual infection with JC virus type 1 and 2 in Italian progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy patients.Journal of neurovirology · 2001Trial
- The presence of human polyomavirus JC (JCPyV) in pediatric brain tumors: a plausible trigger in Wnt/β-catenin pathway.Journal of neurovirology · 2025Article
- Article
- Insights into the genetic characteristics, clustering patterns, and phylogeographic dynamics of the JC polyomavirus, 1993 to 2023.Virus research · 2024Article
- JCV seroconversion rate during the SARS COVID-19 pandemic.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2022Article
- Article
- The complexity landscape of viral genomes.GigaScience · 2022Article
- Human Polyomaviruses (HPyV) in Wastewater and Environmental Samples from the Lisbon Metropolitan Area: Detection and Genetic Characterization of Viral Structural Protein-Coding Sequences.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Article
- Viral Genomic Characterization and Replication Pattern of Human Polyomaviruses in Kidney Transplant Recipients.Viruses · 2020Observational
- Weaving the Strands of Life (Human biology · 2020Review
- Polyomaviruses shedding in stool of patients with hematological disorders: detection analysis and study of the non-coding control region's genetic variability.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2019Article
- Human Polyomavirus JCPyV and Its Role in Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy and Oncogenesis.Frontiers in oncology · 2019Review
- Infectious Agents As Markers of Human Migration toward the Amazon Region of Brazil.Frontiers in microbiology · 2017Review
- Editorial: Immune Control of JC Virus Infection and Immune Failure during Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Assessing Host-Virus Codivergence for Close Relatives of Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Infecting African Great Apes.Journal of virology · 2016Article
- Co-dispersal of the blood fluke Schistosoma japonicum and Homo sapiens in the Neolithic Age.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Molecular epidemiology of merkel cell polyomavirus: evidence for geographically related variant genotypes.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2014Article
- Clonal immortalized human glial cell lines support varying levels of JC virus infection due to differences in cellular gene expression.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2013Article
- Human polyomavirus reactivation: disease pathogenesis and treatment approaches.Clinical & developmental immunology · 2013Review
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5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The human polyomavirus JC (JCV) causes the central nervous system demyelinating disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Previously, we showed that 40% of Caucasians in the United States excrete JCV in the urine as detected by PCR. We have now studied 68 Navaho from New Mexico, 25 Flathead from Montana, and 29 Chamorro from Guam. By using PCR amplification of a fragment of the VP1 gene, JCV DNA was detected in the urine of 45 (66%) Navaho, 14 (56%) Flathead, and 20 (69%) Chamorro. Genotyping of viral DNAs in these cohorts by cycle sequencing showed predominantly type 2 (Asian), rather than type 1 (European). Type 1 is the major type in the United States and Hungary. Type 2 can be further subdivided into 2A, 2B, and 2C. Type 2A is found in China and Japan. Type 2B is a subtype related to the East Asian type, and is now found in Europe and the United States. The large majority (56-89%) of strains excreted by Native Americans and Pacific Islanders were the type 2A subtype, consistent with the origin of these strains in Asia. These findings indicate that JCV infection of Native Americans predates contact with Europeans, and likely predates migration of Amerind ancestors across the Bering land bridge around 12,000-30,000 years ago. If JCV had already differentiated into stable modern genotypes and subtypes prior to first settlement, the origin of JCV in humans may date from 50,000 to 100,000 years ago or more. We conclude that JCV may have coevolved with the human species, and that it provides a convenient marker for human migrations in both prehistoric and modern times.
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