ArticleNature medicine1997
Expression and function of CCR5 and CXCR4 on human Langerhans cells and macrophages: implications for HIV primary infection.
Article in Nature medicine, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00001150 (Induction of Suction Blisters in Patients With Urticaria, Blistering Diseases, Inflammatory Dermatoses and Neoplastic Disorders, and in Normal Volunteers), which is not on this map. Cited by 105 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Induction of Suction Blisters in Patients With Urticaria, Blistering Diseases, Inflammatory Dermatoses and Neoplastic Disorders, and in Normal Volunteers
Who cites it
105 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 397 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Association betweenViruses · 2023Pooled it
- HIV-1 replicates and persists in vaginal epithelial dendritic cells.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Trial
- Pharmacokinetics and safety of AMD-3100, a novel antagonist of the CXCR-4 chemokine receptor, in human volunteers.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2000Trial
- CD11c+ myeloid cells are the predominant CD4+CCR5+ immune population in the foreskin and are increased in men with HIV-associated penile anaerobes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Beyond reverse transcription: molecular mechanisms and emerging paradigms in retroviral replication.FEMS microbiology reviews · 2026Review
- Reduced CCR5 expression among Uganda HIV controllers.Retrovirology · 2023Article
- Immune activation of vaginal human Langerhans cells increases susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Genitourinary Infections Related to Circumcision and the Potential Impact on Male Infertility.The world journal of men's health · 2022Review
- CRISPR-Cas9-mediated gene disruption of HIV-1 co-receptors confers broad resistance to infection in human T cells and humanized mice.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Article
- Antibody-based CCR5 blockade protects Macaques from mucosal SHIV transmission.Nature communications · 2021Article
- The role of Dock2 on macrophage migration and functions during Citrobacter rodentium infection.Clinical and experimental immunology · 2021Article
- HIV replication and latency in monocytes and macrophages.Seminars in immunology · 2021Review
- Hepadnaviral Lymphotropism and Its Relevance to HBV Persistence and Pathogenesis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Genetic Polymorphisms in the Open Reading Frame of the CCR5 gene From HIV-1 Seronegative and Seropositive Individuals From National Capital Regions of India.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- CA Mutation N57A Has Distinct Strain-Specific HIV-1 Capsid Uncoating and Infectivity Phenotypes.Journal of virology · 2019Article
- Masters of manipulation: Viral modulation of the immunological synapse.Cellular microbiology · 2018Review
- Vaginal epidermal dendritic cells: defense against HIV-1 or a safe haven?The Journal of clinical investigation · 2018Article
- Lymph Node Cellular Dynamics in Cancer and HIV: What Can We Learn for the Follicular CD4 (Tfh) Cells?Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus Immune Cell Receptors, Coreceptors, and Cofactors: Implications for Prevention and Treatment.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2016Review
- Suppression of HIV-1 Infectivity by Human Glioma Cells.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2016Article
45 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Transmission of HIV-1 is predominantly restricted to macrophage (Mphi)-tropic strains. Langerhans cells (LCs) in mucosal epithelium, as well as macrophages located in the submucosal tissues, may be initial targets for HIV-1. This study was designed to determine whether restricted transmission of HIV-1 correlates with expression and function of HIV-1 co-receptors on LCs and macrophages. Using polyclonal rabbit IgGs specific for the HIV co-receptors cytokines CXCR4 and CCR5, we found that freshly isolated epidermal LCs (resembling resident mucosal LCs) expressed CCR5, but not CXCR, on their surfaces. In concordance with surface expression, fresh LCs fused with Mphi-tropic but not with T-tropic HIV-1 envelopes. However, fresh LCs did contain intracellular CXCR4 protein that was transported to the surface during in vitro culture. Macrophages expressed high levels of both co-receptors on their surfaces, but only CCR5 was functional in a fusion assay. These data provide several possible explanations for the selective transmission of Mphi-tropic HIV variants and for the resistance to infection conferred by the CCR5 deletion.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.