ReviewMolecular neurobiology1997
RC3/neurogranin, a postsynaptic calpacitin for setting the response threshold to calcium influxes.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neurogranin as a cognitive biomarker in cerebrospinal fluid and blood exosomes for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment.Translational psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Viral-mediated increased hippocampal neurogranin modulate synapses at one month in a rat model of controlled cortical impact.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Temporal-Specific Sex and Injury-Dependent Changes on Neurogranin-Associated Synaptic Signaling After Controlled Cortical Impact in Rats.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- KLOTHO KL-VS heterozygosity is associated with diminished age-related neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and synaptic dysfunction in older cognitively unimpaired adults.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Molecular Characterization of Neurogranin (NRGN) Gene from Red‑Bellied Pacu (Piaractus brachypomus).Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Monitoring synaptic pathology in Alzheimer's disease through fluid and PET imaging biomarkers: a comprehensive review and future perspectives.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- A nasal cell atlas reveals heterogeneity of tuft cells and their role in directing olfactory stem cell proliferation.Science immunology · 2024Article
- Hidden regulators: the emerging roles of lncRNAs in brain development and disease.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Review
- Article
- Potential biomarker proteins for aspiration pneumonia detected by shotgun proteomics using buccal mucosa samples: a cross-sectional case-control study.Clinical proteomics · 2023Article
- Neurogranin-like immunoreactivity in the zebrafish brain during development.Brain structure & function · 2022Article
- Chronic CaeLife · 2022Article
- Differential impairment of cerebrospinal fluid synaptic biomarkers in the genetic forms of frontotemporal dementia.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Distribution of neurogranin-like immunoreactivity in the brain and sensory organs of the adult zebrafish.The Journal of comparative neurology · 2022Article
- Neurogranin Regulates Adult-Born Olfactory Granule Cell Spine Density and Odor-Reward Associative Memory in Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Neurogranin, Encoded by the Schizophrenia Risk Gene NRGN, Bidirectionally Modulates Synaptic Plasticity via Calmodulin-Dependent Regulation of the Neuronal Phosphoproteome.Biological psychiatry · 2021Article
- The Effects of CSF Neurogranin andFrontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- StandardizedAntioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Gene Expression Changes in the Ventral Tegmental Area of Male Mice with Alternative Social Behavior Experience in Chronic Agonistic Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Article
- Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
In this review, we attempt to cover the descriptive, biochemical and molecular biological work that has contributed to our current knowledge about RC3/neurogranin function and its role in dendritic spine development, long-term potentiation, long-term depression, learning, and memory. Based on the data reviewed here, we propose that RC3, GAP-43, and the small cerebellum-enriched peptide, PEP-19, belong to a protein family that we have named the calpacitins. Membership in this family is based on sequence homology and, we believe, a common biochemical function. We propose a model wherein RC3 and GAP-43 regulate calmodulin availability in dendritic spines and axons, respectively, and calmodulin regulates their ability to amplify the mobilization of Ca2+ in response to metabotropic glutamate receptor stimulation. PEP-19 may serve a similar function in the cerebellum, although biochemical characterization of this molecule has lagged behind that of RC3 and GAP-43. We suggest that these molecules release CaM rapidly in response to large influxes of Ca2+ and slowly in response to small increases. This nonlinear response is analogous to the behavior of a capacitor, hence the name calpacitin. Since CaM regulates the ability of RC3 to amplify the effects of metabotropic glutamate receptor agonists, this activity must, necessarily, exhibit nonlinear kinetics as well. The capacitance of the system is regulated by phosphorylation by protein kinase C, which abrogates interactions between calmodulin and RC3 or GAP-43. We further propose that the ratio of phosphorylated to unphosphorylated RC3 determines the sliding LTP/LTD threshold in concept with Ca2+/ calmodulin-dependent kinase II. Finally, we suggest that the close association between RC3 and a subset of mitochondria serves to couple energy production with the synthetic events that accompany dendritic spine development and remodeling.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.