Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9371794›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1997

Determining divergence times with a protein clock: update and reevaluation.

D F Feng, G Cho, R F Doolittle

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 119 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
119citing papers in PubMed
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

119 citing papers in PubMed, 413 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Inference and visualization of complex genotype-phenotype maps withbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
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  8. Review
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  10. Article
  11. Article
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  13. Article
  14. Protein Flexibility and Stiffness Enable Efficient Enzymatic Catalysis.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2019
    Article
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. The Prehistory of Antibiotic Resistance.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2016
    Review
  20. Advances in Time Estimation Methods for Molecular Data.Molecular biology and evolution · 2016
    Article

59 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

D F FengCenter for Molecular Genetics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0634, USA.
G Cho
R F Doolittle
University of California, San Diego · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A recent study of the divergence times of the major groups of organisms as gauged by amino acid sequence comparison has been expanded and the data have been reanalyzed with a distance measure that corrects for both constraints on amino acid interchange and variation in substitution rate at different sites. Beyond that, the availability of complete genome sequences for several eubacteria and an archaebacterium has had a great impact on the interpretation of certain aspects of the data. Thus, the majority of the archaebacterial sequences are not consistent with currently accepted views of the Tree of Life which cluster the archaebacteria with eukaryotes. Instead, they are either outliers or mixed in with eubacterial orthologs. The simplest resolution of the problem is to postulate that many of these sequences were carried into eukaryotes by early eubacterial endosymbionts about 2 billion years ago, only very shortly after or even coincident with the divergence of eukaryotes and archaebacteria. The strong resemblances of these same enzymes among the major eubacterial groups suggest that the cyanobacteria and Gram-positive and Gram-negative eubacteria also diverged at about this same time, whereas the much greater differences between archaebacterial and eubacterial sequences indicate these two groups may have diverged between 3 and 4 billion years ago.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularArchaeaBacteriaPhylogenyProteinsProteinsNASA Discipline ExobiologyNon-NASA Center

Identifiers

PMID9371794
PMCPMC24257
OpenAlexW2045165720

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.