ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine1997
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) interferes with extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, but does not affect phosphorylation of T cell receptor zeta and ZAP70.
Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 151 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular biology of the novel anticancer medications: a focus on kinases inhibitors, biologics and CAR T-cell therapy.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2025Review
- Tumor microenvironment signaling and therapeutics in cancer progression.Cancer communications (London, England) · 2023Review
- EGF-Receptor against Amphiregulin (AREG) Influences Costimulatory Molecules on Monocytes and T Cells and Modulates T-Cell Responses.Journal of immunology research · 2023Article
- Unleashing the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: factors, strategies, and ongoing trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Review
- Review
- Review
- Immunological Targets for Immunotherapy: Inhibitory T Cell Receptors.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2020Review
- Biological Landscape of Triple Negative Breast Cancers Expressing CTLA-4.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Article
- PD-1-Mediated PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Caspase 9/Caspase 3 and ERK Pathways Are Involved in Regulating the Apoptosis and Proliferation of CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Adverse effects of immune-checkpoint inhibitors: epidemiology, management and surveillance.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2019Review
- Review
- Development of immune checkpoint therapy for cancer.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Review
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma: From Early Achievements towards New Perspectives.Journal of oncology · 2019Review
- Mechanisms of Immune Evasion and Immune Modulation by Lymphoma Cells.Frontiers in oncology · 2018Review
- Checkpoint inhibitors in hematological malignancies.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2017Review
- Confusing signals: recent progress in CTLA-4 biology.Trends in immunology · 2015Review
- Tyrosine 201 of the cytoplasmic tail of CTLA-4 critically affects T regulatory cell suppressive function.European journal of immunology · 2014Article
- The B7-independent isoform of CTLA-4 functions to regulate autoimmune diabetes.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2013Article
- The role of E3 ubiquitin ligase Cbl proteins in interleukin-2-induced Jurkat T-cell activation.BioMed research international · 2013Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is an important regulator of T cell homeostasis. Ligation of this receptor leads to prominent downregulation of T cell proliferation, mainly as a consequence of interference with IL-2 production. We here report that CTLA-4 engagement strikingly selectively shuts off activation of downstream T cell receptor (TCR)/CD28 signaling events, i.e., activation of the microtubule-associated protein kinase (MAPKs) ERK and JNK. In sharp contrast, proximal TCR signaling events such as ZAP70 and TCR-zeta chain phosphorylation are not affected by CTLA-4 engagement on activated T cells. Since activation of the ERK and JNK kinases is required for stimulation of interleukin (IL)-2 transcription, these data provide a molecular explanation for the block in IL-2 production imposed by CTLA-4.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.