ReviewDrugs1997
Antifungal resistance trends towards the year 2000. Implications for therapy and new approaches.
Review in Drugs, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 154 citations in OpenAlex.
- John Perfect Shares Insights on Infectious Diseases, Antifungal Therapy, and Drug Resistance.Pathogens & immunity · 2025Article
- Antifungal activity of hypocrellin compounds and their synergistic effects with antimicrobial agents against Candida albicans.Microbial biotechnology · 2021Article
- Cellular quiescence in budding yeast.Yeast (Chichester, England) · 2021Review
- 4-Ethylphenol, A Volatile Organic Compound Produced by Disease-Resistant Soybean, Is a Potential Botanical Agrochemical Against Oomycetes.Frontiers in plant science · 2021Article
- Predominance of positive epistasis among drug resistance-associated mutations in HIV-1 protease.PLoS genetics · 2020Article
- Distribution of Candida albicans and non-albicans Candida species isolated in different clinical samples and their in vitro antifungal suscetibity profile in Ethiopia.BMC infectious diseases · 2020Article
- SWL-1 Reverses Fluconazole Resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Spectrum of Fungi in Patients with Onychomycosis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Prospective Study.Journal of tropical medicine · 2019Article
- Vulvovaginal candidiasis: species distribution of Candida and their antifungal susceptibility pattern.BMC women's health · 2018Article
- Article
- The Structure-Activity Relationship of Pterostilbene Against Candida albicans Biofilms.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- Honokiol induces superoxide production by targeting mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I in Candida albicans.PloS one · 2017Article
- Plant-derived antifungal agent poacic acid targets β-1,3-glucan.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2015Article
- Effects of magnolol and honokiol on adhesion, yeast-hyphal transition, and formation of biofilm by Candida albicans.PloS one · 2015Article
- Effect of tetrandrine against Candida albicans biofilms.PloS one · 2013Article
- SREBP-dependent triazole susceptibility in Aspergillus fumigatus is mediated through direct transcriptional regulation of erg11A (cyp51A).Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2012Article
- Microbial drug discovery: 80 years of progress.The Journal of antibiotics · 2009Review
- In vitro activity of eugenol against Candida albicans biofilms.Mycopathologia · 2007Article
- Isolation of quiescent and nonquiescent cells from yeast stationary-phase cultures.The Journal of cell biology · 2006Article
- Genomic analysis of stationary-phase and exit in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: gene expression and identification of novel essential genes.Molecular biology of the cell · 2004Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Medical advances have led to increased numbers of immunocompromised patients living longer. Coinciding with this increase in the immunocompromised patient population is an increase in the number of clinically significant fungal infections. Unfortunately, widespread use of the limited numbers of antifungal agents to treat these infections has led to the development of drug resistance. Thus, in an attempt to sort out the mechanisms of resistance for each of the systemically useful antifungal agents, a comprehensive review of the literature has been carried out. The most common mechanisms for the development of resistance involve changes in the enzymatic pathways which serve as the drug targets. For instance, changes in enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of ergosterol, the target of azole activity, lead to azole resistance. Another common mechanism used by fungi to avoid drug toxicity includes reduced intracellular accumulation of the drug through both decreased permeability and energy-dependent efflux pumps. Using our current understanding of the mechanisms of drug resistance as a template, several strategies to overcome resistance have been identified. These include improvement of host immune function, the use of adjuvant surgery, the development of new drug delivery systems for currently available drugs and the development of new classes of antifungal agents. Also, clinical trials to establish appropriate drug doses and duration of therapy are needed, as well as the benefits of antifungal prophylaxis explored and the use of combination therapies entertained. The war against drug resistant fungi has been identified as we approach the year 2000. With careful and cogent investigations, we do have the tools to fight back against these opportunists. Of all the strategies reviewed, however, in our opinion, the development of new antifungal drugs is likely to have the most significant future impact on our management of drug resistance in fungal infections.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.