ArticleJAMA1997
Dual effects of weight and weight gain on breast cancer risk.
Article in JAMA, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 206 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
206 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Advances in the Prevention and Treatment of Obesity-Driven Effects in Breast Cancers.Frontiers in oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Body mass index and breast cancer risk according to postmenopausal estrogen-progestin use and hormone receptor status.Epidemiologic reviews · 2014Pooled it
- The role of adiponectin in breast cancer: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2013Pooled it
- Risk factors for breast cancer for women aged 40 to 49 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of internal medicine · 2012Pooled it
- Effect of body mass index on breast cancer during premenopausal and postmenopausal periods: a meta-analysis.PloS one · 2012Pooled it
- Obesity and mammography: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2009Pooled it
- Prevention of breast cancer in postmenopausal women: approaches to estimating and reducing risk.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2009Pooled it
- Trial
- Trial
- Overweight, Obesity, and Postmenopausal Invasive Breast Cancer Risk: A Secondary Analysis of the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Clinical Trials.JAMA oncology · 2015Trial
- Favorable modulation of benign breast tissue and serum risk biomarkers is associated with > 10 % weight loss in postmenopausal women.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2013Trial
- 25-Hydroxy vitamin-D, obesity, and associated variables as predictors of breast cancer risk and tamoxifen benefit in NSABP-P1.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2012Trial
- Prognostic effect of circulating adiponectin in a randomized 2 x 2 trial of low-dose tamoxifen and fenretinide in premenopausal women at risk for breast cancer.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2012Trial
- A reduced-calorie dietary pattern including a daily sweet snack promotes body weight reduction and body composition improvements in premenopausal women who are overweight and obese: a pilot study.Journal of the American Dietetic Association · 2011Trial
- The Pro12Ala variant at the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene and change in obesity-related traits in the Diabetes Prevention Program.Diabetologia · 2007Trial
- Design of the sex hormones and physical exercise (SHAPE) study.BMC public health · 2007Trial
- Weight gain prevention among women.Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.) · 2007Trial
- Results of a faith-based weight loss intervention for black women.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2005Trial
- Obesity, tamoxifen use, and outcomes in women with estrogen receptor-positive early-stage breast cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2003Trial
- Physical activity in first-degree relatives of breast cancer patients.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2001Trial
146 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
contextBreast cancer is a major cause of mortality among women. It is important to identify modifiable risk factors for this disease.
objectiveTo examine body mass index (BMI) at the age of 18 years and at midlife and adult weight change in relation to breast cancer incidence and mortality.
designCohort study.
settingA cohort of 95256 US female nurses aged 30 to 55 years who were followed up for 16 years.
main outcome measureIncident and fatal breast cancer.
resultsDuring 1203498 person-years, 2517 incident breast cancers (60% postmenopausal) were documented. Higher current BMI was associated with lower breast cancer incidence before menopause and was minimally associated with incidence after menopause. However, a stronger positive relationship was seen among postmenopausal women who never used hormone replacement (relative risk=1.59 for BMI >31 kg/m2 vs < or = 20 kg/m2; 95% confidence interval, 1.09-2.32; P for trend <.001). Higher BMI at the age of 18 years was associated with lower breast cancer incidence both before and after menopause. Weight gain after the age of 18 years was unrelated to breast cancer incidence before menopause, but was positively associated with incidence after menopause. This increased risk with weight gain was limited to women who never used postmenopausal hormones; among these women, the relative risk was 1.99 (95% confidence interval, 1.43-2.76) for weight gain of more than 20 kg vs unchanged weight (P for trend <.001). Current BMI and weight gain were even more strongly associated with fatal postmenopausal breast cancer. In this population, the percentage of postmenopausal breast cancer accounted for by weight gain alone was approximately 16% and by hormone replacement therapy alone was 5%, but when the interaction between these variables was considered, together they accounted for about one third of postmenopausal breast cancers.
conclusionsAvoiding adult weight gain may contribute importantly to the prevention of breast cancer after menopause, particularly among women who do not use postmenopausal hormones.
Indexed as
Identifiers
9355998What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.