ArticleJournal of virology1997
Promiscuous use of CC and CXC chemokine receptors in cell-to-cell fusion mediated by a human immunodeficiency virus type 2 envelope protein.
Article in Journal of virology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV capsids: orchestrators of innate immune evasion, pathogenesis and pandemicity.The Journal of general virology · 2025Review
- Cell-to-Cell Transmission of HIV-1 and HIV-2 from Infected Macrophages and Dendritic Cells to CD4+ T Lymphocytes.Viruses · 2023Article
- The impact of genetic adaptation on chimpanzee subspecies differentiation.PLoS genetics · 2019Article
- HIV-2 interaction with cell coreceptors: amino acids within the V1/V2 region of viral envelope are determinant for CCR8, CCR5 and CXCR4 usage.Retrovirology · 2014Article
- Susceptibility of HIV type 2 primary isolates to CCR5 and CXCR4 monoclonal antibodies, ligands, and small molecule inhibitors.AIDS research and human retroviruses · 2012Article
- Risk of all-cause mortality in HIV infected patients is associated with clinical, immunologic predictors and the CCR5 Δ32 deletion.PloS one · 2011Article
- Derivation and characterization of a simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac239 variant with tropism for CXCR4.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Virus entry via the alternative coreceptors CCR3 and FPRL1 differs by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 subtype.Journal of virology · 2009Article
- Chemokine receptors and co-stimulatory molecules: unravelling feline immunodeficiency virus infection.Veterinary immunology and immunopathology · 2008Review
- Increased frequency of circulating CCR5+ CD4+ T cells in human immunodeficiency virus type 2 infection.Journal of virology · 2006Article
- The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus is a broad-spectrum modulator of chemokine receptor cell surface levels that acts independently of classical motifs for receptor endocytosis and Galphai signaling.Molecular biology of the cell · 2006Article
- CCR5, GPR15, and CXCR6 are major coreceptors of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 variants isolated from individuals with and without plasma viremia.Journal of virology · 2005Article
- How does HIV-1 infect a susceptible human cell?: Current thinking.Journal for scientific research. Medical sciences · 2003Review
- The level of CD4 expression limits infection of primary rhesus monkey macrophages by a T-tropic simian immunodeficiency virus and macrophagetropic human immunodeficiency viruses.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- Use of inhibitors to evaluate coreceptor usage by simian and simian/human immunodeficiency viruses and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 in primary cells.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- Coreceptor-dependent inhibition of the cell fusion activity of simian immunodeficiency virus Env proteins.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- Simian immunodeficiency viruses of diverse origin can use CXCR4 as a coreceptor for entry into human cells.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- A putative G protein-coupled receptor, RDC1, is a novel coreceptor for human and simian immunodeficiency viruses.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- CD4-Chemokine receptor hybrids in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.Journal of virology · 1999Article
- Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) isolates infect CD4-negative cells via CCR5 and CXCR4: comparison with HIV-1 and simian immunodeficiency virus and relevance to cell tropism in vivo.Journal of virology · 1999Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The CC chemokine receptors CCR5, CCR2, and CCR3 and the CXC chemokine receptor CXCR4 have been implicated as CD4-associated cofactors in the entry of primary and cell line-adapted human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains. CXCR4 is also a receptor for T-cell-line-adapted, CD4-independent strains of HIV-2. With the exception of this latter example, little has been reported on the entry cofactors used by HIV-2 strains. Here we show that a CD4-dependent, T-cell-line-adapted HIV-2 strain uses CXCR4 and, to a lesser extent, CCR3 for fusion with and infectious entry into cells. In a cell-to-cell fusion assay, the envelope protein of this virus can utilize a wider repertoire of chemokine receptors to induce fusion. These include CCR1, CCR2, CCR3, CCR4, CCR5, CXCR2, and CXCR4. Kinetic analysis indicated that cell lines expressing the receptors that support infection, CXCR4 and CCR3, form syncytia more rapidly than do cell lines expressing the other receptors. Nevertheless, although less efficient, fusion with CXCR2 expressing cells was specific, since it was inhibited by antibodies against CXCR2. The extensive use of chemokine receptors in cell-to-cell fusion has implications for understanding the molecular basis of CD4-chemokine receptor-induced lentivirus fusion and may have relevance for syncytium formation and the direct cell-to-cell transfer of virus in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.