ReviewClinical microbiology reviews1997
Interleukin-12 in infectious diseases.
Review in Clinical microbiology reviews, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 218 citations in OpenAlex.
- Targeting Pathogenic Infection and Virulence Genes of Enterococcus Faecalis Using Lactoferrin Bismuth Nano-form.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Article
- Article
- Immunotherapy in Ocular Fungal Infections: Advances and Emerging Strategies.Current microbiology · 2026Review
- Auto-aggregation inmBio · 2025Article
- The Capacities of the Probiotic StrainsBiomolecules · 2025Article
- De-coupling immune parameters and toxicity associated with IL-12 agonism.Cell reports · 2025Article
- Remodeling of immune system functions by extracellular vesicles.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Oral pathologic conditions and impaired cytokine response in patients with previous cerebral abscess or cervical necrotizing soft tissue infection.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Observational
- BATF2 enhances proinflammatory cytokine responses in macrophages and improves early host defense against pulmonaryAmerican journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2023Article
- Unique Profile of Proinflammatory Cytokines in Plasma of Drug-Naïve Individuals with Advanced HIV/TB Co-Infection.Viruses · 2023Article
- Oscillation of Autophagy Induction under Cellular Stress and What Lies behind It, a Systems Biology Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Pathogen-associated T follicular helper cell plasticity is critical in anti-viral immunity.Science China. Life sciences · 2022Article
- Exploring the immunomodulatory role of virtual memory CD8Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Behavioral and Neurochemical Shifts at the Hippocampus and Frontal Cortex Are Associated to Peripheral Inflammation in Balb/c Mice Infected withMicroorganisms · 2021Article
- STAT4 is expressed in neutrophils and promotes antimicrobial immunity.JCI insight · 2021Article
- Genetic Vaccination as a Flexible Tool to Overcome the Immunological Complexity of Invasive Fungal Infections.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Cellular and Molecular Response of Macrophages THP-1 during Co-Culture with InactiveJournal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Article
- Iminosugar idoBR1 Isolated from CucumberACS omega · 2020Article
- Dermatophytosis in companion animals: A review.Veterinary world · 2020Review
- Thymic expression of IL-4 and IL-15 after systemic inflammatory or infectious Th1 disease processes induce the acquisition of "innate" characteristics during CD8+ T cell development.PLoS pathogens · 2019Article
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-12 (IL-12) is a potent immunoregulatory cytokine that is crucially involved in a wide range of infectious diseases. In several experimental models of bacterial, parasitic, viral, and fungal infection, endogenous IL-12 is required for early control of infection and for generation and perhaps maintenance of acquired protective immunity, directed by T helper type 1 (Th1) cells and mediated by phagocytes. Although the relative roles of IL-12 and gamma interferon in Th1-cell priming may be to a significant extent pathogen dependent, common to most infections is that IL-12 regulates the magnitude of the gamma interferon response at the initiation of infection, thus potentiating natural resistance, favoring Th1-cell development; and inhibiting Th2 responses. Treatment of animals with IL-12, either alone or as a vaccine adjuvant, has been shown to prevent disease by many of the same infectious agents, by stimulating innate resistance or promoting specific reactivity. Although IL-12 may enhance protective memory responses in vaccination or in combination with antimicrobial chemotherapy, it is yet unclear whether exogenous IL-12 can alter established responses in humans. Continued investigation into the possible application of IL-12 therapy to human infections is warranted by the role of the cytokine in inflammation, immunopathology, and autoimmunity.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.