SynthesisAmerican journal of public health1997
Can dietary interventions change diet and cardiovascular risk factors? A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Synthesis in American journal of public health, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 15 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 15 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 147 citations in OpenAlex.
- Interventions for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease: umbrella review of systematic reviews.Health technology assessment (Winchester, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Reduction in saturated fat intake for cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Effectiveness of dietetic consultation for lowering blood lipid levels in the management of cardiovascular disease risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.Nutrition & dietetics : the journal of the Dietitians Association of Australia · 2019Pooled it
- Systematic review of dietary salt reduction policies: Evidence for an effectiveness hierarchy?PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Systematic review of interventions to increase the delivery of preventive care by primary care nurses and allied health clinicians.Implementation science : IS · 2016Pooled it
- Effect of black tea consumption on blood cholesterol: a meta-analysis of 15 randomized controlled trials.PloS one · 2014Pooled it
- Reduced or modified dietary fat for preventing cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2012Pooled it
- Reduced or modified dietary fat for preventing cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011Pooled it
- Multiple risk factor interventions for primary prevention of coronary heart disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2011Pooled it
- Primary prevention of CVD: diet and weight loss.BMJ clinical evidence · 2007Pooled it
- Multiple risk factor interventions for primary prevention of coronary heart disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2006Pooled it
- Dietary fat intake and prevention of cardiovascular disease: systematic review.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 2001Pooled it
- Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2001Pooled it
- Systematic review of dietary intervention trials to lower blood total cholesterol in free-living subjects.BMJ (Clinical research ed.) · 1998Pooled it
- Development of a Culinary Intervention (Cooking Class) for Salt Reduction in Japanese Home Cooking: Strategies and Assessment.AJPM focus · 2024Article
- Survey of the salt (NaCl) Contents of Traditional Breads in Tehran, 2016‒2018: Implication for Public Health.International journal of preventive medicine · 2022Article
- Assessing the Impact of Salt Reduction Initiatives on the Chronic Disease Burden of Singapore.Nutrients · 2021Article
- The Association of Knowledge and Behaviours Related to Salt with 24-h Urinary Salt Excretion in a Population from North and South India.Nutrients · 2017Article
- The relationship between changes in health behaviour and initiation of lipid-lowering and antihypertensive medications in individuals at high risk of ischaemic heart disease.BMC public health · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesThis study evaluated the effectiveness of dietary advice in primary prevention of chronic disease.
methodsA meta-analysis was conducted of 17 randomized controlled trials of dietary behavior interventions of at least 3 months' duration. Results were analyzed as changes in reported dietary fat intakes and biomedical measures (serum cholesterol, urinary sodium, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) in the intervention group minus changes in the control group at 3 to 6 months and 9 to 18 months of follow-up.
resultsAfter 3 to 6 months, mean net changes in each of the five outcomes favored intervention. For dietary fat as a percentage of food energy, the change was -2.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] = -3.9%, -1.1%). Mean net changes over 9 to 18 months were as follows: serum cholesterol, -0.22 (95% CI = -0.39, -0.05) mmol/L; urinary sodium, -45.0 (95% CI = -57.1, -32.8) mmol/24 hours; systolic blood pressure, -1.9 (95% CI = -3.0, 0.8) mm Hg; and diastolic blood pressure, -1.2 (95% CI = -2.6, 0.2) mm Hg.
conclusionsIndividual dietary interventions in primary prevention can achieve modest improvements in diet and cardiovascular disease risk status that are maintained for 9 to 18 months.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.