Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9303372›Full record

ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy1997

Use of Toxoplasma gondii expressing beta-galactosidase for colorimetric assessment of drug activity in vitro.

D C McFadden, F Seeber, J C Boothroyd

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 129 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. 4‑ACS omega · 2026
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  2. Investigation of the Anti-Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
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  3. Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025
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  4. Article
  5. In Vitro Anti-Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. An image-based high-content screening for compounds targetingFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023
    Article
  9. Article
  10. In vitro evaluation of new 4-thiazolidinones on invasion and growth of Toxoplasma gondii.International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance · 2021
    Article
  11. Acridones Are Highly Potent Inhibitors ofACS infectious diseases · 2021
    Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Effects of PERK eIF2α Kinase Inhibitor against Toxoplasma gondii.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2018
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Drug Resistance inFrontiers in microbiology · 2018
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

D C McFaddenDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, California 94305-5402, USA.
F Seeber
J C Boothroyd
Stanford University · US

Funding

Toxoplasma Rhoptry FunctionR01AI021423 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BOOTHROYD, JOHN C · 1985 to 2018
$7.8M
ANTIGENS OF TOXOPLASMA GONDII AND THEIR GENESR37AI021423 · NIAID · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI BOOTHROYD, JOHN C · 1994 to 2003
$1.6M
NIAID NIH HHS AI 21423NIAID NIH HHS AI 30230PHS HHS 5 T32 A107328
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A microtiter assay for drug evaluation has been developed with a strain of Toxoplasma gondii that expresses bacterial beta-galactosidase. By using chlorophenol red-beta-D-galactopyranoside (CPRG) as the substrate for beta-galactosidase, the efficacy of a drug against the parasite can be determined with a colorimetric readout. Drugs known to have activity against T. gondii (specifically, pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, atovaquone, and clindamycin) were tested, and efficacies were determined by CPRG cleavage. The 50% inhibitory concentrations determined by the CPRG-based colorimetric assay were similar to those determined by the traditional radiolabelled uracil incorporation assay. Since CPRG is nontoxic to the parasite, viable drug-treated parasites can be obtained at the conclusion of the assay for further evaluation if desired. This assay provides a high-throughput and nonradioactive alternative for the identification of anti-T. gondii compounds.

Indexed as

AnimalsBacterial Proteinsbeta-GalactosidaseColorimetryEnzyme StabilityHumansToxoplasmaTritiumUracilBacterial Proteinsbeta-GalactosidaseTritiumUracil

Identifiers

PMID9303372
PMCPMC164023
OpenAlexW2115011002

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.