ArticleThe EMBO journal1997
Crystal structure of PHO4 bHLH domain-DNA complex: flanking base recognition.
Article in The EMBO journal, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 100 papers.
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100 citing papers in PubMed.
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- Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of salt-responsive bHLH transcription factors in the wheat (Frontiers in plant science · 2026Article
- Predicting the DNA binding specificity of transcription factor mutants using family-level biophysically interpretable machine learning.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Divergence in a eukaryotic transcription factor's co-TF dependence involves multiple intrinsically disordered regions.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Divergence in a Eukaryotic Transcription Factor's co-TF Dependence Involves Multiple Intrinsically Disordered Regions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Potential regulation of cleistogamy in pigeonpea through jasmonic acid and bHLH transcription factor interactions.Plant reproduction · 2025Article
- Phosphate-dependent nuclear export via a non-classical NES class recognized by exportin Msn5.Nature communications · 2025Article
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- Mutations to transcription factor MAX allosterically increase DNA selectivity by altering folding and binding pathways.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Specific binding between Arabidopsis thaliana phytochrome-interacting factor 3 (AtPIF3) bHLH and G-box originated prior to embryophyte emergence.BMC plant biology · 2024Article
- Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) gene family in rye (Secale cereale L.): genome-wide identification, phylogeny, evolutionary expansion and expression analyses.BMC genomics · 2024Article
- Automatic annotation of the bHLH gene family in plants.BMC genomics · 2023Article
- Basic helix-loop-helix pioneer factors interact with the histone octamer to invade nucleosomes and generate nucleosome-depleted regions.Molecular cell · 2023Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Analysis of bHLH Transcription Factors Related to Anthocyanin Biosynthesis inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of the bHLH Transcription Factor Family and Its Response to Abiotic Stress in Mongolian Oak (Current issues in molecular biology · 2023Article
- Functional Characterization of an In-Frame Deletion in the Basic Domain of the Retinal Transcription Factor ATOH7.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis-relatedInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The bHLH transcription factor AhbHLH112 improves the drought tolerance of peanut.BMC plant biology · 2021Article
40 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The crystal structure of a DNA-binding domain of PHO4 complexed with DNA at 2.8 A resolution revealed that the domain folds into a basic-helix-loop-helix (bHLH) motif with a long but compact loop that contains a short alpha-helical segment. This helical structure positions a tryptophan residue into an aromatic cluster so as to make the loop compact. PHO4 binds to DNA as a homodimer with direct reading of both the core E-box sequence CACGTG and its 3'-flanking bases. The 3'-flanking bases GG are recognized by Arg2 and His5. The residues involved in the E-box recognition are His5, Glu9 and Arg13, as already reported for bHLH/Zip proteins MAX and USF, and are different from those recognized by bHLH proteins MyoD and E47, although PHO4 is a bHLH protein.
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