Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9234818›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity1997

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin lacks superantigenic activity but induces an interleukin-6 response from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

T Krakauer, B Fleischer, D L Stevens, B A McClane, B G Stiles

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 25% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Gut Microbiota Modulation in Asthma-An In Vitro Study.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

T KrakauerDepartment of Immunology and Molecular Biology, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA.
B Fleischer
D L Stevens
B A McClane
B G Stiles
United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases · US

Funding

MECHANISMS OF ACTION OF C PERFRINGENS EXTEROTOXINR01AI019844 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MC CLANE, BRUCE A · 1985 to 2024
$5.4M
Mechanisms of Action of C. Perfringens EnterotoxinR37AI019844 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI MC CLANE, BRUCE A · 2005 to 2014
$3.0M
NIAID NIH HHS AI 19844-14
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We investigated the potential superantigenic properties of Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). In contrast to the findings of a previous report (P. Bowness, P. A. H. Moss, H. Tranter, J. I. Bell, and A. J. McMichael, J. Exp. Med. 176:893-896, 1992), two different, biologically active preparations of CPE had no mitogenic effects on PBMC. Furthermore, PBMC incubated with various concentrations of CPE did not elicit interleukin-1, interleukin-2, gamma interferon, or tumor necrosis factor alpha or beta, which are cytokines commonly associated with superantigenic stimulation. However, CPE did cause a dose-related release of interleukin-6 from PBMC cultures.

Indexed as

Clostridium perfringensEnterotoxinsHumansInterleukin-6Leukocytes, MononuclearSuperantigensenterotoxin, ClostridiumEnterotoxinsInterleukin-6Superantigens

Identifiers

PMID9234818
PMCPMC175495
OpenAlexW2123590020

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.