ArticleMolecular and cellular biology1997
GABP factors bind to a distal interleukin 2 (IL-2) enhancer and contribute to c-Raf-mediated increase in IL-2 induction.
Article in Molecular and cellular biology, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 51 citations in OpenAlex.
- Latent viruses can cause disease by disrupting the competition for the limiting factor p300/CBP.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2018Review
- Epigenomic elements enriched in the promoters of autoimmunity susceptibility genes.Epigenetics · 2014Article
- Ets-1 facilitates nuclear entry of NFAT proteins and their recruitment to the IL-2 promoter.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
- An AP-1 binding site in the enhancer/core element of the HIV-1 promoter controls the ability of HIV-1 to establish latent infection.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- The possible functions of duplicated ets (GGAA) motifs located near transcription start sites of various human genes.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2011Article
- Mutation of a diacidic motif in SIV-PBj Nef impairs T-cell activation and enteropathic disease.Retrovirology · 2011Article
- GABPbeta2 is dispensible for normal lymphocyte development but moderately affects B cell responses.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2008Article
- Targeting the GA binding protein beta1L isoform does not perturb lymphocyte development and function.Molecular and cellular biology · 2008Article
- Formation of IL-7Ralphahigh and IL-7Ralphalow CD8 T cells during infection is regulated by the opposing functions of GABPalpha and Gfi-1.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2008Article
- Identification of a crucial site for synoviolin expression.Molecular and cellular biology · 2005Article
- Cell-type-specific epigenetic marking of the IL2 gene at a distal cis-regulatory region in competent, nontranscribing T-cells.Nucleic acids research · 2005Article
- The ETS transcription factor GABPalpha is essential for early embryogenesis.Molecular and cellular biology · 2004Article
- Regulation of the Hsp90-binding immunophilin, cyclophilin 40, is mediated by multiple sites for GA-binding protein (GABP).Cell stress & chaperones · 2001Article
- Synergistic action of GA-binding protein and glucocorticoid receptor in transcription from the mouse mammary tumor virus promoter.Journal of virology · 2000Article
- GA-binding protein factors, in concert with the coactivator CREB binding protein/p300, control the induction of the interleukin 16 promoter in T lymphocytes.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 1999Article
- Chromatin remodeling of the interleukin-2 gene: distinct alterations in the proximal versus distal enhancer regions.Nucleic acids research · 1998Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Triggering of the T-cell receptor-CD3 complex activates two major signal cascades in T lymphocytes, (i) Ca2+-dependent signal cascades and (ii) protein kinase cascades. Both signal cascades contribute to the induction of the interleukin 2 (IL-2) gene during T-cell activation. Prominent protein kinase cascades are those that activate mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. We show here that c-Raf, which is at the helm of the classic MAP-Erk cascade, contributes to IL-2 induction through a distal enhancer element spanning the nucleotides from positions -502 to -413 in front of the transcriptional start site of the IL-2 gene. Induction of this distal IL-2 enhancer differs from induction of the proximal IL-2 promoter-enhancer, since it is induced by phorbol esters alone and independent from Ca2+ signals. In DNA-protein binding studies, we detected the binding of transcription factors GABP alpha and -beta to a dyad symmetry element (DSE) of the distal enhancer, which is formed by palindromic binding sites of Ets-like factors. Introduction of point mutations suppressing GABP binding to the DSE interfered with the induction of the distal enhancer and the entire IL-2 promoter-enhancer, while overexpression of both GABP factors enhanced the IL-2 promoter-enhancer induction. Overexpression of BXB, a constitutive active version of c-Raf, and of further members of the Ras-Raf-Erk signal cascade exerted an increase of GABP-mediated promoter-enhancer induction. In conjunction with previously published data on c-Raf-induced phosphorylation of GABP factors (E. Flory, A. Hoffmeyer, U. Smola, U. R. Rapp, and J. T. Bruder, J. Virol. 70:2260-2268, 1996), these results indicate a contribution of GABP factors to the Raf-mediated enhancement of IL-2 induction during T-cell activation.
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