Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9223302›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1997

Functional and nonfunctional mutations distinguished by random recombination of homologous genes.

H Zhao, F H Arnold

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
3.7field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Computational and experimental analysis of DNA shuffling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2003
    Article
  6. Applied molecular evolution of O6-benzylguanine-resistant DNA alkyltransferases in human hematopoietic cells.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001
    Article
  7. Predicting crossover generation in DNA shuffling.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2001
    Article
  8. In vitro evolution of thermostable p53 variants.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 1999
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

H ZhaoDivision of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 210-41, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
F H Arnold
California Institute of Technology · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We describe a convenient method for distinguishing functional from nonfunctional or deleterious mutations in homologous genes. High fidelity in vitro gene recombination ("DNA shuffling") coupled with sequence analysis of a small sampling of the shuffled library exhibiting the evolved behavior allows identification of those mutations responsible for the behavior in a background of neutral and deleterious mutations. Functional mutations are expected to occur in 100% of the sequenced screened sample; neutral mutations are found in 50% on average, and deleterious mutations do not appear at all. When used to analyze 10 mutations in a laboratory-evolved gene encoding a thermostable subtilisin E, this method rapidly identified the two responsible for the observed protease thermostability; the remaining eight were neutral with respect to thermostability, within the precision of the screening assay. A similar approach, coupled with selection for growth and survival of the host organism, could be used to distinguish adaptive from neutral mutations.

Indexed as

MutationRecombination, GeneticCalorimetry, Differential ScanningEnzyme StabilityMutagenesis, Site-DirectedSubtilisinsSubtilisins

Identifiers

PMID9223302
PMCPMC21544
OpenAlexW2033806655

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.