Effect of acceleration stress on salivary cortisol and plasma cortisol and testosterone levels in cadet pilots.

The effects of acceleration (Gz) on changes in the levels of cortisol in saliva and of cortisol and testosterone in serum have been studied in 48 cadet pilots exposed to a linear acceleration gradient (0.2 G/s) until a loss of coordination when the mean G value was found to be 5.94 +/- 0.57. Three patterns of salivary cortisol responses were discerned based on Gz-induced significant changes: increase (I; n = 20), decrease (D; n = 8), the magnitude of changes being dependent on the pre-Gz values. Fifteen min after the Gz load, the mean salivary cortisol was significantly higher from the pre-Gz value in all subjects combined. In 19 subjects, who consented to blood sampling, significant increases in serum cortisol were observed both 3 and 15 min post-Gz (by 37 and 57% respectively) while, a significant increase in serum testosterone concentration has been observed only 3 min post-Gz. Testosterone levels 3 min post-Gz were significantly correlated with the final Gz values (r = 0.54; p < 0.05). A significant correlation was also observed between all salivary and serum cortisol values combined (r = 0.696; p < 0.001). It has been concluded that acceleration stress, although of very short duration, proved very potent in eliciting glucocorticoid and androgen responses.