ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1997
Distal enhancer regulation by promoter derepression in topologically constrained DNA in vitro.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed.
- Decreased Expression of a Gene Caused by a T-DNA Insertion in an Adjacent Gene in Arabidopsis.PloS one · 2016Article
- Mechanics of the IL2RA gene activation revealed by modeling and atomic force microscopy.PloS one · 2011Article
- Large-scale structural analysis of the core promoter in mammalian and plant genomes.Nucleic acids research · 2005Article
- Cooperativity in long-range gene regulation by the lambda CI repressor.Genes & development · 2004Article
- Rationally designed insulator-like elements can block enhancer action in vitro.The EMBO journal · 2003Article
- Computational approaches to identify promoters and cis-regulatory elements in plant genomes.Plant physiology · 2003Review
- HMG I/Y regulates long-range enhancer-dependent transcription on DNA and chromatin by changes in DNA topology.Nucleic acids research · 2000Article
- Variegated expression of the endogenous immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene in the absence of the intronic locus control region.Molecular and cellular biology · 1999Article
- p53-mediated repression of alpha-fetoprotein gene expression by specific DNA binding.Molecular and cellular biology · 1999Article
- A protein-induced DNA bend increases the specificity of a prokaryotic enhancer-binding protein.Genes & development · 1998Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Long-range promoter-enhancer interactions are a crucial regulatory feature of many eukaryotic genes yet little is known about the mechanisms involved. Using cloned chicken betaA-globin genes, either individually or within the natural chromosomal locus, enhancer-dependent transcription is achieved in vitro at a distance of 2 kb with developmentally staged erythroid extracts. This occurs by promoter derepression and is critically dependent upon DNA topology. In the presence of the enhancer, genes must exist in a supercoiled conformation to be actively transcribed, whereas relaxed or linear templates are inactive. Distal protein-protein interactions in vitro may be favored on supercoiled DNA because of topological constraints. In this system, enhancers act primarily to increase the probability of rapid and efficient transcription complex formation and initiation. Repressor and activator proteins binding within the promoter, including erythroid-specific GATA-1, mediate this process.
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