ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1997
Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor is overproduced by keratinocytes in atopic dermatitis. Implications for sustained dendritic cell activation in the skin.
Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 54 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
54 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 203 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Reprogramming of epidermal keratinocytes by PITX1 transforms the cutaneous cellular landscape and promotes wound healing.JCI insight · 2024Article
- Epithelial-immune interactions govern type 2 immunity at barrier surfaces.Current opinion in immunology · 2024Review
- Immune-Modulating Effects of Low-Carbohydrate Ketogenic Foods in Healthy Canines.Current developments in nutrition · 2024Article
- Serum Mediators in Patients with Both Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Pruritus.Acta dermato-venereologica · 2023Article
- Oncostatin M suppressesFrontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Role of TRPV4 in Human Macrophages.ImmunoHorizons · 2023Article
- Differences in Behavior between Normal and Atopic Keratinocytes in Culture: Pilot Studies.Veterinary sciences · 2022Article
- The PLAUR signaling promotes chronic pruritus.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2022Article
- Review
- Altered plasma cytokines in dogs with atopic dermatitis.Veterinary dermatology · 2022Article
- Protective effects of dietary grape against atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/NgaTndCrlj mice.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Identification of Keratinocyte Mitogens: Implications for Hyperproliferation in Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis.JID innovations : skin science from molecules to population health · 2022Article
- Article
- NaHCOAnnals of dermatology · 2021Article
- DRM02, a novel phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor with cutaneous anti-inflammatory activity.Tissue barriers · 2020Article
- Targeting IL-4 for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis.ImmunoTargets and therapy · 2020Review
- Transcriptional control and transcriptomic analysis of lipid metabolism in skin barrier formation and atopic dermatitis (AD).Expert review of proteomics · 2019Article
- A Novel Endogenous Damage Signal, CSF-2, Activates Multiple Beneficial Functions of Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2019Article
- Human and computational models of atopic dermatitis: A review and perspectives by an expert panel of the International Eczema Council.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Lesional skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) harbors high numbers of dendritic cells with enhanced stimulatory capacity for T lymphocytes. In this study, lesional AD skin was shown to stain heavily in both epidermal and dermal compartments for GM-CSF, a cytokine crucial to dendritic cell functions. Keratinocyte cultures established from uninvolved skin of AD patients exhibited markedly increased spontaneous and PMA-stimulated release of GM-CSF compared with keratinocytes from nonatopic controls. Correspondingly, keratinocytes from AD patients showed higher constitutive as well as PMA-induced GM-CSF gene expression. Larger amounts of GM-CSF were produced by AD keratinocytes, also in response to IL-1alpha, but not after stimulation with LPS, lipoteichoic acid, or staphylococcal enterotoxin B. Hydrocortisone reduced GM-CSF gene expression and protein release in both atopic and control keratinocytes. Supernatants from atopic keratinocytes were able to strongly stimulate PBMC proliferation in a GM-CSF-dependent manner. Moreover, conditioned medium from PMA-treated AD keratinocytes, together with exogenous IL-4, could support phenotypical and functional maturation of peripheral blood precursors into dendritic cells. Enhanced production of GM-CSF by keratinocytes may contribute relevantly to the establishment and chronicity of AD lesions, in particular to the increased number, sustained activation, and enhanced antigen-presenting functions of dendritic cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.