ReviewMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR1997
Common themes in microbial pathogenicity revisited.
Review in Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 447 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
447 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Love and Hate Relationship between T5SS and Other Secretion Systems in Bacteria.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Poultry handling-related stress alters membrane composition, extracellular vesicle production, survival, and virulence inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2026Article
- Bacterial degradation of a plant toxin and nutrient competition with commensals trade off to constrain pathogen growth.mSystems · 2026Article
- Wild Yeasts as Reservoirs of Bacterial Diversity: Biotechnological Insights from 16S rRNA Metabarcoding.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Predicting bacterial-mediated entomopathogenicity through comparative genomics and statistical modeling.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Bacterial mutation dynamics emerging insights into virulence evolution and drug resistance. A review study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Complete genome sequencing ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Detectable effects of bacterial phylogeny on virulence but not phage efficacy in anISME communications · 2026Article
- Infection strategies ofGut microbes reports · 2026Review
- Quorum-quenching for bacterial pathogen control and health management in aquaculture: mechanisms, applications, current status and future prospects.Frontiers in systems biology · 2026Review
- Article
- Pathogen virulence genes: Advances, challenges and future directions in infectious disease research (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2025Review
- Rare or Unusual Non-Fermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria: Therapeutic Approach and Antibiotic Treatment Options.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Mitochondrial Protein MjEF-Tu is Secreted into Host Plants by Nematodes Eliciting Immune Signaling and Resistance.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Genomic Investigation of a Bacillus subtilis Strain Sourced from Commercially Available Milk Powder in China Reveals Potential Risk Factors.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Exploring flagellar contributions to motility and virulence in Arcobacter butzleri.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2024Article
- Protein interactions in human pathogens revealed through deep learning.Nature microbiology · 2024Article
- Hot Spots of Site-Specific Integration into theInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Critical role ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- A Comprehensive Review Exploring the Protective Role of Specific Commensal Gut Bacteria againstPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
387 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens employ a number of genetic strategies to cause infection and, occasionally, disease in their hosts. Many of these virulence factors and their regulatory elements can be divided into a smaller number of groups based on the conservation of similar mechanisms. These common themes are found throughout bacterial virulence factors. For example, there are only a few general types of toxins, despite a large number of host targets. Similarly, there are only a few conserved ways to build the bacterial pilus and nonpilus adhesins used by pathogens to adhere to host substrates. Bacterial entry into host cells (invasion) is a complex mechanism. However, several common invasion themes exist in diverse microorganisms. Similarly, once inside a host cell, pathogens have a limited number of ways to ensure their survival, whether remaining within a host vacuole or by escaping into the cytoplasm. Avoidance of the host immune defenses is key to the success of a pathogen. Several common themes again are employed, including antigenic variation, camouflage by binding host molecules, and enzymatic degradation of host immune components. Most virulence factors are found on the bacterial surface or secreted into their immediate environment, yet virulence factors operate through a relatively small number of microbial secretion systems. The expression of bacterial pathogenicity is dependent upon complex regulatory circuits. However, pathogens use only a small number of biochemical families to express distinct functional factors at the appropriate time that causes infection. Finally, virulence factors maintained on mobile genetic elements and pathogenicity islands ensure that new strains of pathogens evolve constantly. Comprehension of these common themes in microbial pathogenicity is critical to the understanding and study of bacterial virulence mechanisms and to the development of new "anti-virulence" agents, which are so desperately needed to replace antibiotics.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.