ArticleInfection and immunity1997
Adjuvanticity and protective immunity elicited by Leishmania donovani antigens encapsulated in positively charged liposomes.
Article in Infection and immunity, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
- Evaluation ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
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- Immunoinformatics Approach to Design a Novel Subunit Vaccine Against Visceral Leishmaniasis.International journal of peptide research and therapeutics · 2022Article
- Review
- Cinnamomum cassia exhibits antileishmanial activity against Leishmania donovani infection in vitro and in vivo.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2019Article
- EB1-3 Chain of IL-35 Along With TGF-β Synergistically Regulate Anti-leishmanial Immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- Dermotropic Leishmania donovani in Sri Lanka: visceralizing potential in clinical and preclinical studies.Parasitology · 2018Article
- Liposomal Elongation Factor-1α Triggers Effector CD4 and CD8 T Cells for Induction of Long-Lasting Protective Immunity against Visceral Leishmaniasis.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Article
- Liposomal adjuvant development for leishmaniasis vaccines.Therapeutic advances in vaccines · 2017Review
- Nanoliposomal artemisinin for the treatment of murine visceral leishmaniasis.International journal of nanomedicine · 2017Article
- Induction of IL-10 and TGFβ from CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ T Cells Correlates with Parasite Load in Indian Kala-azar Patients Infected with Leishmania donovani.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2016Article
- Evaluation of the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of killed Leishmania donovani antigen along with different adjuvants against experimental visceral leishmaniasis.Medical microbiology and immunology · 2015Article
- Therapeutic and immunomodulatory activities of short-course treatment of murine visceral leishmaniasis with KALSOME™10, a new liposomal amphotericin B.BMC infectious diseases · 2015Article
- Combining cationic liposomal delivery with MPL-TDM for cysteine protease cocktail vaccination against Leishmania donovani: evidence for antigen synergy and protection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2014Article
- Vaccines to prevent leishmaniasis.Clinical & translational immunology · 2014Review
- IL-4 contributes to failure, and colludes with IL-10 to exacerbate Leishmania donovani infection following administration of a subcutaneous leishmanial antigen vaccine.BMC microbiology · 2014Article
- Development of Leishmania vaccines: predicting the future from past and present experience.Journal of biomedical research · 2013Article
- Therapeutic immunization with radio-attenuated Leishmania parasites through i.m. route revealed protection against the experimental murine visceral leishmaniasis.Parasitology research · 2012Article
- Proteoliposomes in nanobiotechnology.Biophysical reviews · 2012Review
- Leishmania donovani whole cell antigen delivered with adjuvants protects against visceral leishmaniasis in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops).Journal of biomedical research · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In the search for a leishmaniasis vaccine, extensive studies of cutaneous leishmaniasis have been carried out. Investigations in this regard with the visceral form are limited. As an initial step in the identification of the protective molecules, leishmanial antigens extracted from the membranes of Leishmania donovani promastigotes, alone or in association with liposomes, were evaluated for their immunogenicity and ability to elicit a protective immune response against challenge infection. Intraperitoneal immunization of hamsters and BALB/c mice with the leishmanial antigens conferred protection against infection with the virulent promastigotes. Encapsulation in positively charged liposomes significantly enhanced the protective efficacy of these antigens. The splenic parasite burden of hamsters was reduced by 97% after 6 months of infection. BALB/c mice exhibited 87 and 81.3% protection in the liver and spleen, respectively, after 4 months of infection. These protected animals elicited profound delayed-type hypersensitivity and increased levels of Leishmania-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. Protection in mice also coincided with elevated levels of IgM and IgA antibodies, which decreased with disease progression in the control-infected animals. Although both IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies were present in the sera of infected mice, IgG1 appeared to be the predominant isotype, suggesting a preferential induction of the Th2 type of immune response over that of Th1. Effective stimulation of all the IgG isotypes, particularly IgG2a, after immunization with liposome encapsulated antigens seems to be responsible for the significant levels of resistance against the disease. Taken together, these data indicate a potential for the liposomal antigens as a vaccine which could trigger both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.