Evidence map›Paper›PMID 9169505›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of clinical investigation1997

Myonuclear apoptosis in dystrophic mdx muscle occurs by perforin-mediated cytotoxicity.

M J Spencer, C M Walsh, K A Dorshkind, E M Rodriguez, J G Tidball

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of clinical investigation, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
71citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

71 citing papers in PubMed, 175 citations in OpenAlex.

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  20. Short-Term ONX-0914 Administration: Performance and Muscle Phenotype inInternational journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
    Article

11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.

M J SpencerDepartment of Physiological Science, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1527, USA.
C M Walsh
K A Dorshkind
E M Rodriguez
J G Tidball
University of California, Los Angeles · USDepartment of Physiological Sciences · RUInstitut thématique Génétique, génomique et bioinformatique · FR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Myonuclear apoptosis is an early event in the pathology of dystrophin-deficient muscular dystrophy in the mdx mouse. However, events that initiate apoptosis in muscular dystrophy are unknown, and whether elimination of apoptosis can ameliorate subsequent muscle wasting remains a major question. We have tested the hypothesis that cytotoxic T-lymphocytes initiate myonuclear apoptosis in dystrophic muscle, and examined whether perforin-mediated cytotoxicity plays a role in the pathophysiology of muscular dystrophy. Mdx mice showed muscle invasion by cytotoxic T cells and helper T cells at the onset of histologically detectable muscle fiber pathology. At this time, perforin-expressing cells were also present at elevated concentration. Mdx mice depleted of CD8(+) cells showed a significant reduction of apoptotic myonuclei concentration and a reduction in necrosis, judged by macrophage invasion of muscle fibers. Double-mutant mice, deficient in dystrophin and perforin, showed nearly complete absence of myonuclear apoptosis, and a significant reduction in the concentration of macrophages in the connective tissue surrounding muscle fibers. However, muscle fiber invasion by macrophages was not reduced significantly in double mutant mice. Thus, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes contribute significantly to apoptosis and necrosis in mdx dystrophy, and perforin-mediated killing is primarily responsible for myonuclear apoptosis.

Indexed as

Cytotoxicity, ImmunologicAnimalsApoptosisDystrophinMembrane GlycoproteinsMiceMice, KnockoutMuscle, SkeletalMuscular Dystrophy, AnimalPerforinPore Forming Cytotoxic ProteinsT-LymphocytesDystrophinMembrane GlycoproteinsPerforinPore Forming Cytotoxic ProteinsNon-programmatic

Identifiers

PMID9169505
PMCPMC508121
OpenAlexW2086342564

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.