ArticlePharmaceutical research1997
Preparation of biodegradable, surface engineered PLGA nanospheres with enhanced lymphatic drainage and lymph node uptake.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- Engineering Lymphatic Transport of Nanoparticles through Emulsion Polymerization.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Recent Advances in Gadolinium Based Contrast Agents for Bioimaging Applications.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
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- In vivo studies investigating biodistribution of nanoparticle-encapsulated rhodamine B delivered via dissolving microneedles.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2017Article
- X-ray computed tomography imaging of a tumor with high sensitivity using gold nanoparticles conjugated to a cancer-specific antibody via polyethylene glycol chains on their surface.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2016Article
- Engineering immunity: Modulating dendritic cell subsets and lymph node response to direct immune-polarization and vaccine efficacy.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2015Review
- Development of individualized anti-metastasis strategies by engineering nanomedicines.Chemical Society reviews · 2015Review
- Single-Step Assembly of Multimodal Imaging Nanocarriers: MRI and Long-Wavelength Fluorescence Imaging.Advanced healthcare materials · 2015Article
- PEGylation of interferon α2 improves lymphatic exposure after subcutaneous and intravenous administration and improves antitumour efficacy against lymphatic breast cancer metastases.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2013Article
- Formation of stable nanocarriers by in situ ion pairing during block-copolymer-directed rapid precipitation.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2013Article
- Effect of the poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) density on the access and uptake of particles by antigen-presenting cells (APCs) after subcutaneous administration.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2012Article
- Nanoparticle migration and delivery of Paclitaxel to regional lymph nodes in a large animal model.Journal of the American College of Surgeons · 2012Article
- Three-dimensional high-resolution imaging of gold nanorods uptake in sentinel lymph nodes.Nano letters · 2011Article
- Biodegradable PLGA based nanoparticles for sustained regional lymphatic drug delivery.Journal of pharmaceutical sciences · 2010Article
- Nanoparticles for biomedical imaging.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2009Review
- Drug delivery to the lymphatic system: importance in future cancer diagnosis and therapies.Expert opinion on drug delivery · 2009Review
- Image-guided sentinel lymph node mapping and nanotechnology-based nodal treatment in lung cancer using invisible near-infrared fluorescent light.Seminars in thoracic and cardiovascular surgery · 2009Review
- Design opportunities for actively targeted nanoparticle vaccines.Nanomedicine (London, England) · 2008Review
- Targeted binding of PLA microparticles with lipid-PEG-tethered ligands.Biomaterials · 2007Article
- Biodegradable nanoparticles for cytosolic delivery of therapeutics.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2007Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeNanospheres can be utilised for the targeting of drugs and diagnostic agents to the regional lymph nodes. The surface modification of model polystyrene, (PS), and poly(lactide-co-glycolide),(PLGA), nanospheres by poly(lactide)-poly(ethylene glycol), (PLA:PEG), copolymers has been assessed by in vitro characterisation and in vivo biodistribution studies following subcutaneous administration of the nanospheres to the rat.
methodsThree PLA:PEG copolymers were investigated, with PEG chain lengths of 750, 2000 and 5000 Da. The PLA:PEG copolymers were either coated onto the surface of PS and PLGA nanospheres or used as a co-precipitate in the formation of PLGA-PLA:PEG nanospheres. Coating of the nanospheres was confirmed by an increase in their particle size and a corresponding decrease in the surface potential. The kinetics of injection site drainage and lymph node retention was determined over a 24 hour time course for naked, coated and co-precipitated nanosphere systems.
resultsDependent on the surface characteristics, the distribution of the nanospheres can be significantly modified and the lymph node localisation dramatically enhanced by coating their surfaces with PLA:PEG copolymers or by producing co-precipitate nanospheres of PLGA and PLA:PEG.
conclusionsA fully biodegradable nanosphere system has been developed with excellent lymph node targeting characteristics.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.