ArticleNucleic acids research1997
AFM analysis of DNA-protamine complexes bound to mica.
Article in Nucleic acids research, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 173 citations in OpenAlex.
- Zooming into Disease at the Nanoscale: High-Speed Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Discovery.ACS nano · 2026Review
- Dynamic architecture of mammalian paternal chromatin: histone-to-protamine exchange and post-fertilization reprogramming.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- Protamine lacunae preserve the paternal chromatin landscape in sperm.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Single-molecule measurements of double-stranded DNA condensation.Biophysical journal · 2025Review
- Spatiotemporal dynamics of protamine-DNA condensation revealed by high-speed atomic force microscopy.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Protamine-Mediated Tangles Produce Extreme Deoxyribonucleic Acid Compaction.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2024Article
- Multiple modes of DNA compaction by protamine.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Protamine folds DNA into flowers and loop stacks.Biophysical journal · 2023Article
- Features of DNA-Montmorillonite Binding Visualized by Atomic Force Microscopy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- DNA looping by protamine follows a nonuniform spatial distribution.Biophysical journal · 2021Article
- Protamine loops DNA in multiple steps.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- DNA Compaction and Charge Neutralization Regulated by Divalent Ions in very Low pH Solution.Polymers · 2019Article
- Nuclear Integrity but Not Topology of Mouse Sperm Chromosome is Affected by Oxidative DNA Damage.Genes · 2018Article
- Role of Disulfide Bonds on DNA Packaging Forces in Bull Sperm Chromatin.Biophysical journal · 2017Article
- Mammalian sperm nuclear organization: resiliencies and vulnerabilities.Basic and clinical andrology · 2016Article
- Interpreting sperm DNA damage in a diverse range of mammalian sperm by means of the two-tailed comet assay.Frontiers in genetics · 2014Review
- Recent knowledge concerning mammalian sperm chromatin organization and its potential weaknesses when facing oxidative challenge.Basic and clinical andrology · 2014Article
- Article
- Proteomics and the genetics of sperm chromatin condensation.Asian journal of andrology · 2011Review
- DNA release dynamics from bioreducible layer-by-layer films.Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids · 2010Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A novel method for reconstituting sperm chromatin was used to investigate how protamine 1 condenses DNA. Complexes formed in vitro using linearized plasmid DNA were imaged and measured by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The structures formed were found to be highly dependent on the sample preparation method used for reconstitution. Interstrand, side-by-side fasiculation of DNA and toroidal-like structures only 1-2 DNA diameters thick were observed for complexes formed in solution following direct mixing of the DNA and protamine. Large chromatin aggregates were also observed on the mica. However, if the DNA was first allowed to attach to the mica prior to addition of the protamine, well-defined toroidal complexes were formed without any observed DNA fasiculation or aggregate formation. The diameter of the toroids measured 30.6-50.2 nm (mean 39.4 nm). The dimensions of these structures indicate that the condensed DNA is stacked vertically by four to five turns, with each coil containing as little as 360-370 bp of 'B'-form DNA. This approach for preparing and imaging DNA-protamine complexes permits the analysis of intermediate structures 'trapped' on the mica as partially formed toruses of nucleoprotamine.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.