ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1997
In vitro selection and evolution of functional proteins by using ribosome display.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 322 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
322 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Cell-Free Approach for Non-canonical Amino Acids Incorporation Into Polypeptides.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Pooled it
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- Peptide Aptamers: Innovative Design and Applications in Pathogen Detection.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- From Cloning Vectors to Phage Display: Engineering Principles and Translational Applications of Bacteriophage Display Platforms.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Multi-objective antibody design and optimization using machine learning.Nature reviews bioengineering · 2026Article
- Approaches for Studying Context Specificity of Translation Inhibitor Action.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Directed evolution of enzymes at the crossroads of tradition and innovation.FEBS open bio · 2026Review
- AI-enabled protein design facilitates future plant research and crop breeding.Plant physiology · 2026Review
- More tools to uncover cancer cells.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2026Article
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- Advances in Therapeutic Antibody Discovery and Development Targeting G Protein-Coupled Receptors.Pharmacology research & perspectives · 2026Review
- Protein engineering: status report.Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS · 2026Review
- In Vitro Selection of Antibodies by Ribosome Display.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- The landscape of antibody production systems: recombinant expression for research, diagnostics and therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- A Route to Design Novel Functional Peptides by Applying a Denoising Diffusional Model to mRNA Display Libraries.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2025Article
- Evolution of multivalent supramolecular assemblies of aptamers with target-defined spatial organization.Nature nanotechnology · 2025Article
- Hydrogel particle-based protein display enabled by particle-templated emulsification.RSC advances · 2025Article
- High-throughput strategies for monoclonal antibody screening: advances and challenges.Journal of biological engineering · 2025Review
262 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report here a system with which a correctly folded complete protein and its encoding mRNA both remain attached to the ribosome and can be enriched for the ligand-binding properties of the native protein. We have selected a single-chain fragment (scFv) of an antibody 10(8)-fold by five cycles of transcription, translation, antigen-affinity selection, and PCR. The selected scFv fragments all mutated in vitro by acquiring up to four unrelated amino acid exchanges over the five generations, but they remained fully compatible with antigen binding. Libraries of native folded proteins can now be screened and made to evolve in a cell-free system without any transformation or constraints imposed by the host cell.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.