ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America1997
T and B lymphocytes play a minor role in atherosclerotic plaque formation in the apolipoprotein E-deficient mouse.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 95 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
95 citing papers in PubMed, 345 citations in OpenAlex.
- NSG Mice Lacking Apoe: An Immunodeficient Mouse Model of Atherosclerosis.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- T cells in cardiovascular disease: solved and unsolved mysteries.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- T-Cell/B-Cell Interactions in Atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Review
- Century of Milestones and Breakthroughs Related to the Immune Mechanisms of Atherosclerosis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2024Article
- Restoration of normal blood flow in atherosclerotic arteries promotes plaque stabilization.iScience · 2023Article
- Antibodies in action: the role of humoral immunity in the fight against atherosclerosis.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2022Review
- The why and how of adaptive immune responses in ischemic cardiovascular disease.Nature cardiovascular research · 2022Article
- Pig and Mouse Models of Hyperlipidemia and Atherosclerosis.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2022Article
- Crosstalk between dendritic cells and T lymphocytes during atherogenesis: Focus on antigen presentation and break of tolerance.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Review
- Modulating Autoimmunity against LDL: Development of a Vaccine against Atherosclerosis.Hamostaseologie · 2021Article
- Interactive effects of interferon-gamma functional single nucleotid polymorphism (+874 T/A) with cardiovascular risk factors in coronary heart disease and early myocardial infarction risk.Molecular biology reports · 2020Article
- Thymic stromal lymphopoietin is a key cytokine for the immunomodulation of atherogenesis with Freund's adjuvant.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2020Article
- Immunobiology of Atherosclerosis: A Complex Net of Interactions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Review
- Invariant Natural Killer T-Cells and Total CD1d Restricted Cells Differentially Influence Lipid Metabolism and Atherosclerosis in Low Density Receptor Deficient Mice.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- Article
- Immunity and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis.Circulation research · 2019Review
- Ablation of Myeloid ADK (Adenosine Kinase) Epigenetically Suppresses Atherosclerosis in ApoEArteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2018Article
- PVAT and Its Relation to Brown, Beige, and White Adipose Tissue in Development and Function.Frontiers in physiology · 2018Review
- T Cells in Atherosclerosis in Ldlr-/- and Apoe-/- Mice.Journal of immunological sciences · 2018Article
- How Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Activates Inflammatory Responses.Critical reviews in immunology · 2018Review
35 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Cellular and humoral immunity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. To determine whether an intact immune system is necessary for the formation of atherosclerotic lesions, we have generated immunodeficient mice with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis by crossbreeding the apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mouse with the recombinase activating gene 1 (Rag-1) knockout mouse. Chow-fed immunodeficient mice with targeted disruption in both apoE and Rag-1 (E0/R0) had a 2-fold decrement in aortic root lesion size at 16 weeks of age, compared with immunocompetent littermates, which were heterozygotes at the Rag-1 locus (E0/R1). Nearly all atherosclerotic lesions from chow-fed animals were limited to raised foam cell fatty streaks. In contrast, when a second group of animals was fed a high-fat Western-type diet to accelerate lesion development, there were no differences in either aortic root lesion size or the percent of the total aorta occupied by lesions. Fibrous plaques with well-defined caps and necrotic cores were detected in both Western diet-fed E0/R0 and E0/R1 animals. We conclude that T and B lymphocytes play only a minor role in the rate of forming foam cell lesions, and they are not necessary for the formation of fibroproliferative plaques.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.