ArticleJournal of general internal medicine1997
Race, gender, drug use, and participation in AIDS clinical trials. Lessons from a municipal hospital cohort.
Article in Journal of general internal medicine, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 104 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recruiting vulnerable populations into research: a systematic review of recruitment interventions.Journal of general internal medicine · 2007Pooled it
- ACT2 peer-driven intervention increases enrollment into HIV/AIDS medical studies among African Americans/Blacks and Hispanics: A cluster randomized controlled trial.AIDS and behavior · 2014Trial
- The effect of peer-driven intervention on rates of screening for AIDS clinical trials among African Americans and Hispanics.American journal of public health · 2011Trial
- Influences on clinical trial participation: Enhancing recruitment through a gender lens - A scoping review.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2024Article
- Cultural Competence and Humility in Infectious Diseases Clinical Practice and Research.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2020Article
- Willingness to Participate in Vaccine-Related Clinical Trials among Older Adults.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Patient preferences toward an interactive e-consent application for research using electronic health records.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2018Article
- Regional variation in HIV clinical trials participation in the United States.Southern medical journal · 2015Article
- Recruitment and ethical considerations in HIV cure trials requiring treatment interruption.Journal of virus eradication · 2015Article
- Racial/ethnic differences in trust in health care: HIV conspiracy beliefs and vaccine research participation.Journal of general internal medicine · 2014Article
- Recruitment of HIV-Positive Women in Research: Discussing Barriers, Facilitators, and Research Personnel's Knowledge.The open AIDS journal · 2014Article
- Electronic health records as a tool for recruitment of participants' clinical effectiveness research: lessons learned from tobacco cessation.Translational behavioral medicine · 2013Article
- Description of an efficacious behavioral peer-driven intervention to reduce racial/ethnic disparities in AIDS clinical trials.Health education research · 2013Article
- The Experience of Screening for HIV/AIDS Medical Studies among African-American/Black and Latino/Hispanic Persons Living with HIV/AIDS: A Mixed-Methods Exploration.Journal of AIDS & clinical research · 2013Article
- Article
- Factors associated with past research participation among low-income persons living with HIV.AIDS patient care and STDs · 2012Article
- Determinants of access to experimental antiretroviral drugs in an Italian cohort of patients with HIV: a multilevel analysis.BMC health services research · 2012Article
- Using electronic health records to drive discovery in disease genomics.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2011Review
- Recruitment of HIV/AIDS treatment-naïve patients to clinical trials in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era: influence of gender, sexual orientation and race.HIV medicine · 2011Article
- Willingness to participate in clinical trials among African Americans and whites previously exposed to clinical research.Journal of cultural diversity · 2011Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo determine whether participation rates of women, persons of color, and injection drug users in AIDS clinical trials are similar to those of other HIV/AIDS patients, and to examine whether differences in patients' knowledge of clinical trails or reasons for not participating explain differences in participation rates by gender, race, or drug use.
designCross-sectional survey of patients with HIV disease.
settingAmbulatory practice of a municipal teaching hospital. PATIENTS: Two hundred sixty patients receiving primary care for HIV disease. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN
resultsOverall, 22.3% of patients had participated in a clinical trail. Women, patients of color, and drug users were significantly less likely to have ever participated in an AIDS clinical trial (p < .05). Multiple logistic regression confirmed being a person of color (odds ratio [OR] 2.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.12-4.08) and injection drug use (OR 2.09; 95% CI 1.08-4.04) as significant predictors of nonparticipation in AIDS clinical trials (p < .05). Patients of color and women reported less knowledge of clinical trials, and were less likely to have been told about clinical trials for which they were eligible (p < .05). Patients of color were half as likely as whites to cite ineligibility as their reason for not participating (10.4% vs 22.4%). and more likely to hold unfavorable opinions of clinical research (50.7% vs. 40.5%). Reasons for nonparticipation did not differ by gender.
conclusionsEven when AIDS clinical trials are available on-site, persons of color, women, and drug users are less likely to participate. Educational efforts for patients and providers are needed to remedy continuing disparities in participation by race, gender, and risk factor group in AIDS clinical trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.