ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy1997
Enhanced resistance to Cryptococcus neoformans infection induced by chloroquine in a murine model of meningoencephalitis.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 1997. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.
- A review of the current anti-New microbes and new infections · 2026Review
- Clinical and pathological characterization of Central Nervous System cryptococcosis in an experimental mouse model of stereotaxic intracerebral infection.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Pan-SHIP1/2 inhibitors promote microglia effector functions essential for CNS homeostasis.Journal of cell science · 2020Article
- Phagosomal Neutralization by the Fungal Pathogen Candida albicans Induces Macrophage Pyroptosis.Infection and immunity · 2017Article
- Fungistatic effect of hydroxychloroquine, lessons from a case.Medical mycology case reports · 2016Article
- Cryptococcus neoformans: Tripping on Acid in the Phagolysosome.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Review
- An encapsulation of iron homeostasis and virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans.Trends in microbiology · 2013Review
- Article
- Mathematical modeling of pathogenicity of Cryptococcus neoformans.Molecular systems biology · 2008Article
- Depletion of alveolar macrophages decreases the dissemination of a glucosylceramide-deficient mutant of Cryptococcus neoformans in immunodeficient mice.Infection and immunity · 2007Article
- Microglia as a pharmacological target in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the brain.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2006Review
- Prophylactic role of liposomized chloroquine against murine cryptococcosis less susceptible to fluconazole.Pharmaceutical research · 2004Article
- Role of microglia in central nervous system infections.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2004Review
- Inhibition of intramacrophage growth of Penicillium marneffei by 4-aminoquinolines.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2001Article
- Cryptococcus neoformans resides in an acidic phagolysosome of human macrophages.Infection and immunity · 1999Article
- Chloroquine induces human mononuclear phagocytes to inhibit and kill Cryptococcus neoformans by a mechanism independent of iron deprivation.The Journal of clinical investigation · 1997Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Although the pathogenesis of cerebral cryptococcosis is poorly understood, local immune cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, likely play a critical role in containing infection. Chloroquine (CQ) is a weak base that accumulates within acidic vacuoles and increases their pH. Consequently, proteolytic activity of lysosomal enzymes and intracellular iron release/availability are impaired, resulting in decreased availability of nutrients crucial to microorganism survival and growth in the host. We found that CQ enhances BV2 microglial-cell-mediated anticryptococcal activity in vitro. The phenomenon is (i) evident when both unopsonized and opsonized microorganisms are used and (ii) mimicked by NH4Cl, another weak base, and by bafilomycin A1, an inhibitor of vacuolar-type H+-ATPases. In vivo, intracerebral administration of CQ before lethal local challenge with Cryptococcus neoformans results in a significant augmentation of median survival time and a marked reduction of yeast growth in the brain and is associated with the enhancement of local interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-6 mRNA transcripts. Overall, these results provide the first evidence that CQ enhances anticryptococcal host defenses.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.